摘  要

隨著國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人們需要對各中加熱爐、熱處理爐、反應(yīng)爐和鍋爐中溫度進(jìn)行監(jiān)測和控制。采用單片機(jī)來對他們控制不僅具有控制方便，簡單和靈活性大等優(yōu)點，而且可以大幅度提高被控溫度的技術(shù)指標(biāo)，從而能夠大大的提高產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和數(shù)量。

在日常生活及工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中，經(jīng)常要用到溫度的檢測及控制，溫度是生產(chǎn)過程和科學(xué)實驗中普遍而且重要的物理參數(shù)之一。在生產(chǎn)過程中，為了高效地進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)，必須對它的主要參數(shù)，如溫度、壓力、流量等進(jìn)行有效的控制。溫度控制在生產(chǎn)過程中占有相當(dāng)大的比例。溫度測量是溫度控制的基礎(chǔ)，技術(shù)已經(jīng)比較成熟。傳統(tǒng)的測溫元件有熱電偶和二電阻。而熱電偶和熱電阻測出的一般都是電壓，再轉(zhuǎn)換成對應(yīng)的溫度，這些方法相對比較復(fù)雜，需要比較多的外部硬件支持。我們用一種相對比較簡單的方式來測量。

   我們采用美國DALLAS半導(dǎo)體公司繼DS18B20之后推出的一種改進(jìn)型智能溫度傳感器DS18B20作為檢測元件，溫度范圍為-55~125 oC,最高分辨率可達(dá)0.0625 oC。DS18B20可以直接讀出被側(cè)溫度值，而且采用三線制與單片機(jī)相連，減少了外部的硬件電路，具有低成本和易使用的特點。

本文介紹一種基于STC89C52單片機(jī)的一種溫度測量及報警電路,該電路采用DS18B20作為溫度監(jiān)測元件，測量范圍0℃-～+100℃，使用LCD模塊顯示，能通過程序設(shè)置溫度報警上下限。正文著重給出了軟硬件系統(tǒng)的各部分電路，介紹了集成溫度傳感器DS18B20的原理，STC89C52單片機(jī)功能和應(yīng)用。該電路設(shè)計新穎、功能強大、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單。

關(guān)鍵詞：STC89C52,溫度傳感器18B20，液晶LCD1602,紅外遙控系統(tǒng)，繼電器

Abstract

Along with the development of national economy, people need to different heating furnace, heat treatment furnace, reactors and boiler temperature monitoring and control. By single chip microcomputer to control not only has to their control convenient, simple and flexible and other advantages, and can greatly increase the temperature of the accused technical indexes, which can greatly improve the quality and quantity of products.

    In the daily life and the industrial production process, often should use the inspection and control of temperature, the temperature is the production process and scientific experiments common but also one of the important physical parameter. In the production process, in order to highly efficient production, it needs to the main parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate of effective control. Temperature control in production process occupies a large proportion. Temperature measurement is the basis for the control of temperature, technology has more mature. The traditional measuring temperature elements have thermocouple and two resistance. And thermocouple and heat resistance of the measure is commonly voltage, again converted into the corresponding temperature, the method is relatively complex, need more of the external hardware support. We use a relatively simple way to measure.

We adopt the DALLAS semiconductor company following after DS18B20 launched a improved intelligent temperature sensor DS18B20 as the test components, temperature range for-55 to 125 DHS C, the highest resolution 0.0625 o C. DS18B20 can read out directly north of the temperature, and the use of three wire and single-chip microcomputer is linked together, reduce the external hardware circuit, with low cost and easy to use features.

    This paper introduces a STC89C52 based on a single chip microcomputer temperature measurement and alarm circuit, this circuit adopts DS18B20 as temperature monitoring components, measurement range 0 ℃ ~ + 100 ℃-use LCD module shows, by remote control to set temperature alarm upper. The text mainly gives all the parts of the circuit hardware and software system, this paper introduces the principle of integrated temperature sensor DS18B20, STC89C52 SCM functions and application. The circuit design is novel, the powerful, simple structure.

Key words: STC89C52, temperature sensor 18 B20, liquid crystal LCD1602, infrared remote control system，relay

目   錄

摘  要 I

Abstract II

引 言 1

第一章  系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計 2

1.1 設(shè)計背景 2

1.2 電路的總體工作原理 2

第2章  方案論證 4

2.1 題目分析 4

2.1.1 具體指標(biāo) 4

2.1.2 具體控制要求 4

2.2 溫度傳感器的選擇 4

2.2.1 采用模擬集成溫度傳感器 4

2.2.2 采用數(shù)字單片智能溫度傳感器 5

2.3 顯示器的選擇 6

2.3.1 LED顯示器 6

2.3.2 LCD液晶屏 6

2.4  單片機(jī)的選擇 6

2.4.1 采用凌陽單片機(jī) 6

2.4.2 采用STC89C52單片機(jī) 7

第三章  系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計 9

3.1 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 9

3.2 溫度傳感電路設(shè)計 10

3.3 溫度控制電路的設(shè)計 12

3.4 顯示電路的設(shè)計 12

3.5遙控電路的設(shè)計 14

第四章  系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計 18

4.1 系統(tǒng)的主程序設(shè)計 18

4.2 中斷程序的設(shè)計 18

第五章  系統(tǒng)的控制 21

5.1 溫控電路及報警電路的控制 21

5.2 LCD顯示電路的控制 21

5.3 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計的主要功能 21

第六章  全文總結(jié) 22

6.1 經(jīng)濟(jì)效益分析 22

6.2 社會效益分析 22

致 謝 24

參考文獻(xiàn) 25

附錄I  元器件清單 27

附錄II  程序 28