摘    要

本系統(tǒng)采用的是以單片機(jī)STC89c52為核心的光電計(jì)數(shù)器。其工作原理是采用單片機(jī)的外部中斷0來(lái)進(jìn)行計(jì)數(shù)，數(shù)據(jù)采集部分采用反射式光電傳感器，將紅外發(fā)光管與光電接收管相鄰安放，每當(dāng)物體通過(guò)一次，紅外光就被物體反射，光電接收管接收一次，光電接收管的輸出電壓就產(chǎn)生一個(gè)變化，這個(gè)變化的電壓信號(hào)通過(guò)放大和處理后，形成計(jì)數(shù)脈沖，輸入至STC89c52單片機(jī)的P3.2口，通過(guò)軟件控制和硬件控制并用LED加以顯示，便可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)物體的計(jì)數(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)。本計(jì)數(shù)器可將機(jī)械或人工計(jì)數(shù)方式變?yōu)殡娮佑?jì)數(shù)，并且采用LED數(shù)碼管顯示，可適用于諸多行業(yè)，以滿足現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)、生活方式的需求。

所謂的光電式傳感器是將光信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)化為電信號(hào)的一種傳感器。光電式傳感器是以光電器件作為轉(zhuǎn)換組件的傳感器，光電檢測(cè)方法具有精度高、應(yīng)用快、非接觸等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，而可測(cè)參數(shù)多，光電傳感器的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，形式靈活多變因此，光電式傳感器在檢測(cè)和控制中應(yīng)用非常廣泛。

關(guān)鍵詞：計(jì)數(shù)器；光電傳感器；單片機(jī)；LED數(shù)碼管 

Abstract

This system USES is with STC89c52 single chip microcomputer as the core of the photoelectric counter. The working principle of adopting SCM external interruption 0 to count, the data acquisition of the reflecting photoelectric sensor, the infrared light tube and photoelectric receiving tube adjacent put, whenever the object through a, infrared light is object reflective, photoelectric tube receiving a receiving, photoelectric receiving tube is the output voltage of produce a change, the changes of the voltage signal through the amplifier and processing, form count pulse, the input to STC89c52 SCM P3.2 mouth, through the control software and hardware control and that LED to, can realize the object counting statistics. This counter can or mechanical artificial count way into electronic counted, and using LED digital display tube, can be used in many industries, to meet the modern production, the way of life of demand.

The so-called photoelectric sensor is light signals are converted to electrical signals a sensor. Photoelectric sensor is based on photoelectric device as a conversion of components of the sensor, photoelectric detection method has high accuracy, application, the advantages of fast contact, and can be measured parameters, the structure of the photoelectric sensor is simple, flexible in form so, photoelectric sensor in the detection and control is widely used.

Keywords: counter; Photoelectric sensor; microcomputer; LED digital tube

 

目 錄

摘    要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章  緒    論 1

1.1、本論文的背景和意義 1

1.2、主要方法和研究進(jìn)展 1

1.3、主要內(nèi)容 1

1.4、結(jié)構(gòu)安排 1

第2章 整體設(shè)計(jì)方案 2

2.1、設(shè)計(jì)方案選擇 2

2.2、設(shè)計(jì)方框圖 2

第3章   硬件設(shè)計(jì)及功能 3

3.1、基本介紹 3

3.2、AT89C52引腳功能 4

3.3、STC89C52系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)圖 5

3.4、STC89C52的復(fù)位與時(shí)鐘 6

3.5、STC89C52單片機(jī)的基本工作電路 6

3.6、本次設(shè)計(jì)的部分電路 7

3.7、74HC573芯片 7

3.8、顯示電路 8

第4章  軟件設(shè)計(jì) 10

4.1、PROTEUS軟件 10

4.2、KEIL C51軟件 10

4.3、軟件設(shè)計(jì)流程圖： 11

致    謝 11

結(jié)     論 13

參考文獻(xiàn) 14

附  錄 1    電氣原理圖 15

附  錄 2  PCB圖與3D視圖 16

附錄3  源程序 17

附錄4 仿真效果圖 19