雙橫臂式前獨立懸架的優(yōu)化設計

摘 要

懸架是汽車上的重要總成之一，懸架的作用是彈性地連接車橋和車架，減緩行駛中車輛受到由路面不平引起的沖擊力，保證乘坐舒適和貨物完好，迅速衰減由于彈性系統(tǒng)引起的振動，使車輪按一定軌跡相對車身運動。懸架決定著汽車的穩(wěn)定性、舒適性和安全性，所以研究懸架成為研究汽車中的重要一個環(huán)節(jié)，ADAMS軟件為研究汽車懸架運動學分析提供了幫助。本次畢業(yè)設計首先利用ADAMS軟件的View功能給定設計點，創(chuàng)建懸架模型，通過測試懸架模型得到一些曲線和數據，對比這些曲線和數據之后得出輪胎接地點的側向滑移量變化是影響懸架的重要因素。所以將目標函數定為車輪接地點的側向滑移量。然后通過ADAMS軟件的后處理功能優(yōu)化前懸架模型，最后得出使輪胎接地點的側向滑移量變化最小的一組數據。從而達到優(yōu)化的效果。

關鍵詞：  雙橫臂獨立懸架； 運動學分析； ADAMS  

Abstract

    Suspense is one of the important parts in a car. Suspense serves as a role that connects the axles and frames in a much bouncing way which can kill the unavoidable shock when the car is on a unsmooth road, thus making sure that the goods in the car cannot be damaged as well as guaranteeing a better driving pleasure. It can quickly kill the shock from the bouncing system to let the wheel move a the course of the car. Suspense determines the stability, riding comfort, and safety. Therefore, analyzing the suspense becomes one of the greatest parts of the whole analysis. ADAMS software did a great help to the analysis of suspense kinematics.The design of ADAMS software first given design points, View function to create suspension model, through the test suspension model get some curves and data, contrast these curves and data that pick up the tyres after the change of lateral sliding site is the important factors affect suspension. So will the objective function as the wheels of lateral slippage pick site. Then through the ADAMS software post-processing function optimization model of the suspension, finally come to pick up the tire place lateral sliding the smallest quantity of set of data. This group of data is finally wanted results.

Key words: double wishbone suspension; kinematics analysis; ADAMS

目 錄

1 緒論 1

1.1課題引言 1

1.2 汽車懸架簡介 1

1.3 汽車懸架分類

1.4 ADAMS簡介

1.5 本文研究的內容 2

2前懸架模型的建立 3

2.1 創(chuàng)建新模型 3

2.2 添加約束 4

2.3本章小結.......................................................................................................................6

3前懸架模型運動學分析 7

3.1 添加驅動 7

3.2測量主銷內傾角 7

3.3測量主銷后傾角 10

3.4測量前輪外傾角 12

3.5測量前輪前束傾角 14

3.6測量車輪接地點側向滑移量 17

3.7本章小結 19

4細化前懸架模型 21

4.1 創(chuàng)建設計變量 21

4.2將設計點參數化 21

4.3將物體參數化 25

4.4本章小結……………………………………………………………………………..25

5定制界面 32

5.1 創(chuàng)建修改參數對話窗………………………………….............................................32

5.2 修改菜單欄.................................................................................................................36

    5.3 本章小結................................................................................................................. 37

6 優(yōu)化前懸架模型................................................................................................................ 26

   6.1 定義目標函數………………………………………………………………………..26

   6.2 優(yōu)化模型……………………………………………………………………………..26

   6.3 察看優(yōu)化結果………………………………………………………………………..27

   6.4 本章小結……………………………………………………………………………..31

本文總結 40

致謝 41

參考文獻 42

附錄A 漢語原文 43

附錄B 英文翻譯 52