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摘  要

本設(shè)計(jì)采用薯干原料發(fā)酵，只需將薯干磨成粉，加水調(diào)漿，直接加入少量α－淀粉酶液化后滅菌、冷卻即可接種發(fā)酵。檸檬酸一般采用曬干的薯干作為原料。其中薯干含水10%-15%、淀粉70%左右、蛋白質(zhì)6%左右。薯干原料中的蛋白質(zhì)可作為氮源供菌體生長(zhǎng)。薯干原料中含鐵、鎂、鉀、鈣等的無(wú)機(jī)鹽，選用的黑曲霉C0527對(duì)這些成分不敏感,故不必對(duì)原料做這方面的預(yù)處理。本設(shè)計(jì)采用液體深層好氧發(fā)酵、鈣鹽法提取技術(shù)生產(chǎn)檸檬酸。這兩種方法都是國(guó)內(nèi)比較流行的生產(chǎn)方法，有著大量的實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)，易于操作，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)小。

由于本設(shè)計(jì)為發(fā)酵車間的設(shè)計(jì)，著重于這車間的工藝計(jì)算、設(shè)備選型。通過(guò)全廠物料衡算、車間熱量衡算，確定發(fā)酵車間主要設(shè)備發(fā)酵罐、種子罐、車間管道的設(shè)計(jì)和選型以及全廠及車間布置。

本設(shè)計(jì)還包括發(fā)酵罐，全廠平面圖，車間平面布置圖，工藝流程圖。

關(guān)鍵詞：薯干 深層好氧發(fā)酵 黑曲霉 檸檬酸 設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)和選型

Annual output of 100，00 tons citric acid plant saccharification fermentation，fermentation plant design

                   ABSTRACT

The design of raw materials used potato fermentation, simply potato mills, water-paste, adding a small amount of direct α-amylase liquefaction, sterilization, cooling, fermentation can be vaccinated. Preparation of citric acid normally used as raw materials dried potato.  Potato moisture content of 10% to 15%, about 70 percent of starch, protein about 6 percent.  Potato raw materials in the protein can be used as source of nitrogen for cell growth.  Potato raw materials containing iron, magnesium, potassium, calcium of inorganic salt, optional black Aspergillus niger C0527 is not sensitive to these ingredients, it need not do any pretreatment of the raw materials.   The design of a good gas liquids deep fermentation, dry calcium citrate extraction technology production. The two methods are more popular domestic production methods, has a great deal of practical experience, easy to operate, the risk small. As the design for the saccharification and fermentation workshop the design, the two workshops focused on the process, the selection of equipment. Through the whole plant material balance, energy balance workshop, identified glycosylation, fermentation workshop major equipment fermenter, seed tanks, pipelines and workshops in the design and selection. And the whole plant and facility layout.

The design also includes Fermentor, The factory plan, Shop floor plan, Flow Chart.

Key words: Potato  Deep-seated aerobic fermentation  Aspergillus niger    Citric acid         Equipment Design and Selection

目  錄

摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ

ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ

1  引言 - 1 -

1.1 檸檬酸的性質(zhì)和用途 - 1 -

1.2檸檬酸的來(lái)源和發(fā)展情況 - 1 -

2  生產(chǎn)工藝 - 3 -

2.1生產(chǎn)方法 - 3 -

2.2工藝流程 - 3 -

2.3操作工藝 - 4 -

2.3.1 原料的處理 - 4 -

2.3.2 發(fā)酵工序 - 4 -

2.3.3 醪液處理工序 - 5 -

2.3.4 提取工段 - 5 -

2.3.5 精制工段 - 5 -

3工藝計(jì)算書(shū) - 7 -

3.1物料衡算 - 7 -

3.1.1工藝技術(shù)指標(biāo)及基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù) - 7 -

3.1.3發(fā)酵醪量的計(jì)算 - 8 -

3.1.4 接種量 - 8 -

3.1.5 液化醪量計(jì)算 - 8 -

3.1.6 成品檸檬酸 - 9 -

3.1.7淀粉質(zhì)原料年產(chǎn)10萬(wàn)噸一水檸檬酸廠總物料衡算 - 10 -

3.2熱量衡算 - 11 -

3.2.1液化熱平衡計(jì)算 - 11 -

3.2.2發(fā)酵過(guò)程中的蒸汽耗量的計(jì)算 - 11 -

3.2.3發(fā)酵過(guò)程中的冷卻水耗量計(jì)算 - 14 -

3.2.4發(fā)酵過(guò)程中的無(wú)菌空氣耗用量的計(jì)算 - 14 -

4.發(fā)酵車間設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)與選型 - 16 -

4.1發(fā)酵罐的選型 - 16 -

4.1.1發(fā)酵罐容積和臺(tái)數(shù)的確定 - 16 -

4.1.2主要尺寸的計(jì)算 - 17 -

4.1.3發(fā)酵罐冷卻面積的計(jì)算 - 18 -

4.1.4發(fā)酵罐攪拌器的設(shè)計(jì) - 19 -

4.1.5發(fā)酵罐設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)的工藝設(shè)計(jì) - 21 -

4.1.6發(fā)酵罐設(shè)備材料的選擇 - 24 -

4.1.7發(fā)酵罐壁厚的計(jì)算 - 24 -

4.1.8發(fā)酵罐接管設(shè)計(jì) - 25 -

4.1.9發(fā)酵罐支座的選擇 - 26 -

4.2種子罐的選型 - 26 -

4.2.1種子罐容積和數(shù)量的確定 - 26 -

4.2.2種子罐主要尺寸確定 - 26 -

4.2.3種子罐型號(hào)確定 - 27 -

4.3貯罐選型 - 27 -

4.3.1發(fā)酵成熟醪貯罐 - 27 -

4.3.2硫酸銨貯罐 - 27 -

5.全廠及車間布置 - 30 -

結(jié)論： - 31 -

參考文獻(xiàn) - 31 -

謝  辭 - 33 -