英漢情感隱喻比較研究

摘    要

隱喻研究源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)，傳統(tǒng)上的隱喻研究，只是把隱喻看做一種修辭方式，但是，現(xiàn)在的隱喻研究已經(jīng)突破了修辭研究的層面，進(jìn)入到認(rèn)知層面，將隱喻也看做是一個(gè)認(rèn)知和概念化的工具。隱喻在認(rèn)知功能的發(fā)揮上起著重要的作用。概念隱喻，作為認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)的一個(gè)重要概念，是指作用于人的思維深層次的隱喻模式，其根植于人類的身體體驗(yàn)和我們賴以生存的物質(zhì)世界。每個(gè)概念隱喻都支配著一系列的隱喻表達(dá)。概念隱喻可分為三大類型：結(jié)構(gòu)隱喻，方位隱喻和實(shí)體隱喻。情感，作為最重要的人類體驗(yàn)之一，一直是認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)家們研究的重點(diǎn)課題。抽象的情感一般以概念化的隱喻表現(xiàn)出來。中文和英文在情感表達(dá)上有很多共性，同時(shí)，由于不同的文化模式和生活環(huán)境，也存在諸多差異。本篇論文旨在強(qiáng)調(diào)并且發(fā)展當(dāng)代認(rèn)知手法對(duì)隱喻的研究，抽象的情感大部分都是通過隱喻形成并理解的。并且，這項(xiàng)中英情感隱喻的對(duì)比研究，也一定會(huì)對(duì)跨文化交際和進(jìn)行地道翻譯產(chǎn)生積極的影響。

關(guān)鍵詞：隱喻  概念隱喻  身體體驗(yàn)  情感

A Comparative Study of Emotion Metaphors between English and Chinese

Abstract

Metaphor is traditionally viewed as a particular rhetoric device, however, people nowadays 

not only study it as a rhetoric means but also as a perceptual and conceptualizing tool. It plays important cognitive functions. Conceptual metaphor refers to something internal, operating deep in human thought. Each conceptual metaphor heads and governs a system of linguistic metaphors. Conceptual metaphors can be classified into three main types, namely, structural metaphors, orientational metaphors and ontological metaphors. Emotions, as one of the most important aspect of human experience, have been among the focus of cognitive linguistics. Emotions are conceptualized and expressed in metaphorical terms. The research discovers that Chinese and English share many main conceptual metaphors. Meanwhile there still are great differences due to the different culture modes and living environments, etc. This paper mainly reinforces and develops some theories of the contemporary cognitive approach to metaphor: Abstract concepts are largely formed and comprehended via metaphor; and conceptual metaphor, at least emotion metaphor, is characterized by cognitive universality and cultural relativity. In addition, this research will, to a certain extent, be helpful in cross-culture communication and idiomatic translation.

Keywords: metaphor  conceptual metaphor  bodily experience  emotions

Contents

1 Introduction 1

2 Cognitive Linguistic Approach to Metaphor 2

2.1 The definition of metaphor 2

2.2 The classification of metaphors 3

2.2.1 Structural metaphor 3

2.2.2 Orientational metaphor 3

2.2.3 Ontological metaphors 4

3 A comparative study of English and Chinese emotion metaphors 5

3.1 The similarities and differences of Happiness metaphors Between English and Chinese 5

3.1.1The major similarities of Happiness Metaphors 5

3.1.2 The major differences of Happiness Metaphor between English and Chinese 7

3.2 The similarities and differences Between English and Chinese 9

3.2.1 The major similarities of Anger Metaphors 9

3.2.2 The major differences of Anger Metaphors between English and Chinese 10

3.3 The major similarities of Sadness Metaphors between English and Chinese 11

3.3.1 The major similarities of Sadness Metaphors 11

3.3.2The major differences of Sadness Metaphor between English and Chinese 13

3.4 The similarities and differences of Fear Metaphors between English and Chinese 14

3.4.1 The major similarities of Fear Metaphors 14

3.4.2 The major differences of fear metaphor between English and Chinese 15

4 Conclusions 16

Bibliography 18

Acknowledgements 19