基于嵌入式Linux電表采集終端抄表模塊設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)
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摘 要

電能是使用最為廣泛的一種能源，涉及國民經(jīng)濟(jì)所有領(lǐng)域和人民生活的方方面面。隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展，提高供電質(zhì)量和供電的可靠性，實(shí)施高效準(zhǔn)確的抄收系統(tǒng)己是當(dāng)務(wù)之急。
隨著人民生活水平的不斷提高，家庭儀表的用途越來越廣泛，電表、水表、氣表大量地出現(xiàn)在人們的生活中。同時(shí)，這些儀表的抄錄工作也變得越來越煩瑣，工作量變得很大，傳統(tǒng)的抄錄模式已很難滿足社會(huì)發(fā)展的要求。計(jì)算機(jī)和通訊技術(shù)的發(fā)展，使抄表自動(dòng)化己經(jīng)成為可能，各種各樣的自動(dòng)抄表系統(tǒng)不斷涌現(xiàn)，它們不僅替代了煩瑣的手工勞動(dòng)，而且為提供更多優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)奠定了技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。
本文使用三星公司的ARM9 S3C2410EP實(shí)驗(yàn)箱作為目標(biāo)機(jī)，通過RS232串口與電表通訊進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的采集，實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)自動(dòng)電表的數(shù)據(jù)采集終端。本文的設(shè)計(jì)采用了多進(jìn)程下的多線程編程，基于DL/T645規(guī)約定時(shí)自動(dòng)抄讀多塊電表數(shù)據(jù)，包括表碼、電流、電壓、異常記錄等數(shù)據(jù)，并定時(shí)保存數(shù)據(jù)至文件。如果采集到了異常信息，則以GSM短信方式發(fā)送到定制手機(jī)上面，實(shí)現(xiàn)短信報(bào)警。

關(guān)鍵詞：GSM/GPRS;DLT-645規(guī)約;ARM9;S3C2410EP實(shí)驗(yàn)板;AMR

The Design and Realization of Electric instrument Acquisition
Terminal Based on Embedded-Linux System
Abstract
Electricity is a wildly used power, it involved in all field of the country and the life of people. With the fast developing of economic of our country the best request of development of electric industry are the improvement of the power supply quality and the power supply reliability, and the implementation of highly effective accurate electric instrument acquisition systems.
With the improvement of people's living standards, house meters, such as ammeter, water meter and gas meter, are used more widely. At the same time, reading the meters has become a mass and troublesome work. Traditional ways no longer adapt to the development of society any more. However, with the help of computer technology and communication technology, it is possible to read meter automatically. All kinds of AMR (Automatic Meter Reading) come to existence, which not substitute the manual work but also establish the base for better service.
This article uses the ARM9 S3C2410EP experiment box made by Samsung Company as target machine, uses the RS232 serial port to communicate with ammeters and acquisition data, realized an automatic electric instrument data acquisition terminal. This article’s design uses the multi-process and multi-thread programming; the program can automatically read ammeters’ data according to the DL/T645 protocol and save the data in fixed time. It will send a GSM short message to a fixed mobile phone if unusual data is gathered.

Key Words: GSM/GPRS;DLT/645 Protocol;ARM9;S3C2410EP;AMR

目錄
1. 緒論 1
1.1 課題背景及來源 1
1.2 國內(nèi)抄表現(xiàn)狀 1
1.3 課題研究的意義 2
1.4 論文結(jié)構(gòu) 2
2. 系統(tǒng)分析與設(shè)計(jì) 4
2.1 自動(dòng)抄表系統(tǒng)分析 4
2.1.1自動(dòng)抄表概述 4
2.1.2基于ARM的AMR 介紹 4
2.2系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.2.1硬件設(shè)計(jì)介紹 5
2.2.2 ARM體系結(jié)構(gòu)與S3C2410處理器介紹 6
2.3抄表系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì) 9
2.3.1 電表的種類與工作原理 9
2.3.2 抄表系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)思想 10
2.3.3 數(shù)據(jù)的抄錄方式 10
2.3.4 抄表系統(tǒng)可靠性設(shè)計(jì)要求 10
2.3.5 抄表系統(tǒng)的功能 11
3. 基本理論知識(shí)及其應(yīng)用 12
3.1DL/T645-1997多功能電表規(guī)約 12
3.2RS232接口介紹 12
3.3GSM/GPRS技術(shù) 13
3.4共享內(nèi)存 14
3.5消息隊(duì)列 15
3.6TinyXml 15
3.7多進(jìn)程/多線程編程 15
3.8交叉編譯環(huán)境 16
4．系統(tǒng)開發(fā)與實(shí)現(xiàn) 17
4.1 開發(fā)環(huán)境及工具 17
4.2 系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn) 17
4.2.1 項(xiàng)目介紹 17
4.2.2采集終端工作方式 21
4.2.3數(shù)據(jù)幀格式 22
4.2.4核心實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼 23
5. 總結(jié) 28
5.1 S3C2410抄表系統(tǒng)分析 28
5.2 結(jié)果分析 28
5.2.1 開發(fā)難點(diǎn)及相關(guān)策略 28
5.2.2創(chuàng)新思想 29
5.3開發(fā)過程總結(jié) 29
致謝 31
參考文獻(xiàn) 32
附錄 DL/T645-1997多功能電能表部頒規(guī)約 34



參考文獻(xiàn)
[1]鮑衛(wèi)兵，杜　豐，周云水.GPRS 在遠(yuǎn)程抄表終端中應(yīng)用[J]. 浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào), 2006,34(4)：1-89.
[2]趙睿明，錢東平，秦瑞果.配電網(wǎng)電力線遠(yuǎn)程集中抄表系統(tǒng)[J]. 微計(jì)算機(jī)信息, 2006,22(8):1-101.
[3]吳軍基，王文斌，張鵬.基于GSM短消息遠(yuǎn)程抄表系統(tǒng)研究[J]. 電力自動(dòng)化設(shè)備, 2006,26(4):50-105.
[4]胡方強(qiáng)，李義豐.智能配電數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)終端的研制[J]. 連云港職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)，2006，2（8）:101-151.
[5]羅智佳，杜啟亮等.短信息報(bào)警與處理數(shù)據(jù)采集監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用[J].微計(jì)算機(jī)信息



附錄 DL/T645-1997多功能電能表部頒規(guī)約