論我國(guó)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)姆稍瓌t與制度
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摘要
在生態(tài)環(huán)境危機(jī)日益加劇的社會(huì)背景下，生態(tài)補(bǔ)償已成為保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境的重要措施。建立生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制是一項(xiàng)十分艱巨和宏大的任務(wù)，它需要全社會(huì)的共同參與，需要各地方和區(qū)域間協(xié)調(diào)合作，還需要長(zhǎng)效的法律制度作為保障，這樣才能更好地調(diào)整相關(guān)利益各方生態(tài)及其經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的分配關(guān)系，促進(jìn)生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)。本文通過(guò)對(duì)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)膬?nèi)涵，理論基礎(chǔ)和基本原則的詳細(xì)闡述，針對(duì)我國(guó)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制現(xiàn)存的主要問(wèn)題進(jìn)行思考，主要從法律問(wèn)題、補(bǔ)償資金和生態(tài)補(bǔ)償管理問(wèn)題等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行探討，同時(shí)借鑒國(guó)外先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對(duì)我國(guó)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償制度提出幾點(diǎn)建議：1.健全生態(tài)補(bǔ)償制度法律體系；2.生態(tài)補(bǔ)償方式應(yīng)注重的兩個(gè)關(guān)系；3．加強(qiáng)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償政策的宣傳教育，增強(qiáng)公眾對(duì)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償活動(dòng)的參與；4．加大生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)呢?cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付力度，積極采取各項(xiàng)政策，進(jìn)行多渠道融資；5．完善生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)墓芾眢w制。
關(guān)鍵詞：生態(tài)補(bǔ)償 經(jīng)濟(jì)外部性理論 基本原則 思考


Abstract
In the background of social of growing crisis in the ecological environment, ecological compensation has become an important measure for the protection of the ecological environment. The establishment of ecological compensation mechanism is a very difficult and ambitious task, it requires the participation of the whole society, the need for coordination among local and regional cooperation, also need the legal system as a long-term protection. so as to better adjust the interests of all parties related to ecological And the distribution relationship between economic interests, and promote ecological and environmental protection. Based on the content of the ecological compensation, the details of theoretical foundation and the basic principles, in allusion on taking the existing main issues of China's ecological compensation mechanism to ponder, at the same time, put forward some proposals on China's ecological compensation system by learning from advanced foreign experience. 1. Ecological compensation system sound legal system; 2. Ecological compensation should focus on two relations; 3. Strengthen ecological compensation policy publicity and education to enhance the public's involvement in the activities of the ecological compensation; 4. Ecological compensation increases the financial transfer payment, and takes active policies, a multi-channel financing; 5. Improve the management system of compensation for ecological.

Key words: ecological compensation ; external economic theory ; basic principles ; thinking


目錄
摘要 3
Abstract 4
前 言 5
一、生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)膬?nèi)涵 5
二、生態(tài)補(bǔ)償理論基礎(chǔ) 6
（一）環(huán)境資源價(jià)值理論 6
（二）經(jīng)濟(jì)外部性理論 6
三、我國(guó)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)幕驹瓌t 7
（一）政府主導(dǎo)、市場(chǎng)參與的原則 7
1．政府是生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制建設(shè)的主導(dǎo)力量 7
2．市場(chǎng)作用的發(fā)揮是生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制建立的關(guān)鍵 7
（二）公平補(bǔ)償原則 8
（三）“誰(shuí)保護(hù)、誰(shuí)受益、獲補(bǔ)償”原則 8
1．開(kāi)發(fā)者保護(hù)原則 9
2．受益者付費(fèi)原則 9
3．保護(hù)者獲補(bǔ)償原則 9
（四）公眾參與原則 9
四、我國(guó)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償制度的存在的一些問(wèn)題 9
（一）法律法規(guī)不健全 10
（二）補(bǔ)償資金融資渠道單一，難以保障生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)某掷m(xù)進(jìn)行 11
（三）現(xiàn)行補(bǔ)償方式難以解決生態(tài)破壞的底層問(wèn)題 11
（四）沒(méi)有統(tǒng)一的生態(tài)補(bǔ)償體制管理部門(mén) 11
五、完善我國(guó)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償制度的思考 11
（一）國(guó)外生態(tài)補(bǔ)償政策的實(shí)踐及其啟示 11
（二）完善我國(guó)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)慕ㄗh 13
1.健全生態(tài)補(bǔ)償制度法律體系 13
2.生態(tài)補(bǔ)償方式應(yīng)注重的兩個(gè)關(guān)系 13
3．加強(qiáng)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償政策的宣傳教育，增強(qiáng)公眾對(duì)生態(tài)補(bǔ)償活動(dòng)的參與 14
4．加大生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)呢?cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付力度，積極采取各項(xiàng)政策，進(jìn)行多渠道融資 14
5．完善生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)墓芾眢w制 15
參考文獻(xiàn) 17
致 謝 18


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