小微企業(yè)多元融資體系構(gòu)建研究

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摘要
小微企業(yè)作為拉動(dòng)我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和推動(dòng)社會(huì)就業(yè)的主力軍之一，在促進(jìn)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、增加就業(yè)等方面發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用。然而，現(xiàn)今其發(fā)展卻舉步維艱，其中融資難問(wèn)題是限制其生存發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要因素，因融資難導(dǎo)致的企業(yè)資金鏈斷裂甚至企業(yè)倒閉的事件屢見(jiàn)不鮮。
近年來(lái)為解決小微企業(yè)融資難問(wèn)題，我國(guó)中央和地方各級(jí)政府紛紛出臺(tái)政策措施扶持小微企業(yè)發(fā)展，銀行等正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)也積極探索開(kāi)拓新的小微企業(yè)服務(wù)產(chǎn)品，擔(dān)保公司也在積極開(kāi)發(fā)小微企業(yè)擔(dān)保產(chǎn)品。但是，小微企業(yè)的生存狀態(tài)依然堪憂。
小微企業(yè)融資問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為近幾年熱議的焦點(diǎn)，本文以此為契機(jī)，在閱讀了大量前人的文獻(xiàn)、進(jìn)行了社會(huì)實(shí)踐調(diào)查和總結(jié)歸納之后，首先對(duì)小微企業(yè)、小微企業(yè)融資以及小微企業(yè)多元融資體系的概念進(jìn)行了梳理，同時(shí)，也簡(jiǎn)要?dú)w納了三者各自的特征。其次，在分析小微企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀和存在問(wèn)題之后，本文從企業(yè)自身、銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)、保險(xiǎn)等信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)以及政府這4個(gè)角度對(duì)小微企業(yè)融資難問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了闡述，最后提出了小微企業(yè)多元融資體系構(gòu)建的設(shè)想以及若干建議，希望以此來(lái)改善小微企業(yè)融資難的情況，引導(dǎo)小微企業(yè)穩(wěn)定有序的發(fā)展。

關(guān)鍵詞：小微企業(yè) 多元融資 融資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)


Small micro-enterprise finance system building research
Abstract As one of the main force to drive the national economy growth and promote social employment ，Small micro enterprises in promoting national economic growth and increasing employment play an irreplaceable role. Today, however, its development is struggling, including financing difficult problem，which is an important factor of restricting its survival and development.Enterprise capital chain ruptures caused by financing difficult even business failures are numberous.
In recent years, in order to solve the problem of small micro enterprise financing difficulties,the central and local governments at all levels in China have policy measures to support small micro enterprise development.Banks and other formal financial institutions also actively explore new small micro enterprise service products.Assurance company also actively develop Small micro enterprise security products.However, small micro- enterprise survival is still worrying.
Small micro enterprise financing problem has become the focus of debate in recentyears.Taking advantage of this opportunity ，after reading the previous literature,inve-stigate the social and summarized,this paper firstly combed the concept of the sm-all micro enterprise, small micro enterprise financing and small micro enterpri-se fin-ance system.At the same time, this paper also briefly summarizes the three respect-ive characteristics.Secondly, based on the analysis of small micro enterprise financi-ng present situation and existing problems,this paper expounds the small micro ent-erprise financing difficult problem from the perspective of four ，Enterprise itself, Ba-nks and other financial institutions, credit guarantee institutions and the government.In the end,the paper puts forward the idea of small micro enterprise finance syste-m building and some suggestions.We hope to improve the condition of small micro- enterprise financing difficulties and guide the stable and orderly development of s-mall enterprises.

Key words small and micro-enterprise diversifying financing financing risk


目錄
引言 1
第一章 小微企業(yè)融資的相關(guān)概述 2
1.1 小微企業(yè)的概念與特點(diǎn) 2
1.1.1 小微企業(yè)的概念 2
1.1.2 小微企業(yè)的特點(diǎn) 2
1.2 小微企業(yè)融資方式與特征 3
1.2.1 小微企業(yè)融資的概念 3
1.2.2 小微企業(yè)融資方式 3
1.2.3 小微企業(yè)融資的特征 4
1.3 小微企業(yè)多元融資體系的概念與特征 5
1.3.1 小微企業(yè)多元融資體系的概念 5
1.3.2 小微企業(yè)多元融資體系的特征 5
第二章 小微企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀及存在的問(wèn)題 6
2.1小微企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀 6
2.2小微企業(yè)融資存在的問(wèn)題 6
2.2.1 主要融資渠道單一，融資需求難以滿足 6
2.2.2 融資申請(qǐng)條件較嚴(yán)格，融資成本較高 7
2.2.3 民間融資急劇擴(kuò)張，社會(huì)問(wèn)題日益突出 7
第三章 小微企業(yè)融資難的原因分析 9
3.1資金需求方—企業(yè)自身 9
3.2資金供給方—銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu) 9
3.3中介服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)—保險(xiǎn)等信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu) 10
3.4政策措施調(diào)控方—政府 10
第四章 小微企業(yè)多元融資體系的構(gòu)建 11
4.1制度體系 11
4.2市場(chǎng)體系 11
4.3機(jī)構(gòu)體系 12
4.4 產(chǎn)品體系 13
4.5服務(wù)體系 13
4.6 扶持體系 14
結(jié)論 15
參考文獻(xiàn) 16
致謝 18