中國(guó)巨額外匯儲(chǔ)備形成的原因及對(duì)策

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【摘要】在美元呈貶值趨勢(shì)、歐洲主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī)等國(guó)際背景下，全球外匯市場(chǎng)上的匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)逐漸加大，加之我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的良好態(tài)勢(shì)，我國(guó)的外匯儲(chǔ)備規(guī)模呈不斷增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)。巨額的外匯儲(chǔ)備提高了中國(guó)的對(duì)外支付能力，保障了中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，維護(hù)了中國(guó)人民幣逐步走向國(guó)際的信心，支撐了中國(guó)在國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)上的地位，并維護(hù)了人民幣的穩(wěn)定和堅(jiān)挺。但是，巨額的外匯儲(chǔ)備也使我國(guó)承擔(dān)了巨大的匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、通貨膨脹壓力以及人民幣升值壓力，同時(shí)也造成了我國(guó)資源的浪費(fèi)。對(duì)此，應(yīng)當(dāng)采取調(diào)節(jié)貿(mào)易順差，擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需等措施來(lái)矯正外匯儲(chǔ)備的過(guò)快增長(zhǎng)。

【關(guān)鍵詞】外匯儲(chǔ)備；原因；影響：對(duì)策


Causes, effects and Countermeasures on China huge foreign exchange reserve
Abstract : In the international background of dollar depreciation trend, the European sovereign debt crisis, the global exchange rate on the foreign exchange market risk increased gradually, and the good momentum of China's economic development, China's foreign exchange reserves is increasing. Huge foreign exchange reserves to improve Chinese foreign payments, guarantee the China economic development, maintain the China RMB gradually moving towards the international confidence, support the China position in the international economy, and maintain the stability of the RMB and strong. However, the huge foreign exchange reserves also enable China to undertake the enormous exchange rate risk, inflation pressure and the pressure of RMB appreciation, but also causes the waste of resources. Therefore, should take the adjustment of trade surplus, measures such as expanding domestic demand to correct the excessive growth of foreign exchange reserves.

key words : foreign exchange reserves ；reason ； influence ；countermeasure


目錄
引言 1
第1章 中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備增長(zhǎng)現(xiàn)狀 2
1.1 中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備總量增長(zhǎng)現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備增長(zhǎng)的特點(diǎn) 3
1.3中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備的來(lái)源結(jié)構(gòu)變化趨勢(shì) 4
第2章 中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備快速增長(zhǎng)的原因分析 5
2.1資本與金融項(xiàng)目順差 5
2.2經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目順差 5
2.3內(nèi)需不足 6
2.4人民幣升值預(yù)期 7
第3章 中國(guó)巨額外匯儲(chǔ)備的影響分析 8
3.1巨額外匯儲(chǔ)備的正面影響 8
3.1.1提高對(duì)外支付能力，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展 8
3.1.2提高國(guó)際信譽(yù)，增強(qiáng)吸引外資能力 8
3.1.3有助于干預(yù)外匯市場(chǎng)，維護(hù)人民幣的穩(wěn)定 8
3.2巨額外匯儲(chǔ)備的負(fù)面影響 9
3.2.1造成我國(guó)資源的浪費(fèi) 9
3.2.2加大了人民幣升值的壓力 10
3.2.3加大了國(guó)內(nèi)通貨膨脹的壓力 10
3.2.4 潛伏著巨大的匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與金融危機(jī) 10
第4章 矯正中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備增長(zhǎng)過(guò)快的對(duì)策措施 12
4.1戰(zhàn)略物資儲(chǔ)備置換外匯儲(chǔ)備，采取多元化的投資戰(zhàn)略 12
4.1.1增加石油戰(zhàn)略儲(chǔ)備 12
4.1.2提高黃金儲(chǔ)備比重 12
4.2提高外匯儲(chǔ)備利用率，創(chuàng)造更大更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 13
4.3擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需改善內(nèi)部經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡狀況 13
4.4 調(diào)節(jié)經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目和資本項(xiàng)目順差 14
結(jié)語(yǔ) 15
參考文獻(xiàn) 16