1.1萬字 36頁(yè)

摘 要

【摘要】：在日常生活及工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中，經(jīng)常要用到溫度的檢測(cè)及控制，溫度是生產(chǎn)過程和科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中普遍而且重要的物理參數(shù)之一。在生產(chǎn)過程中，為了高效地進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)，必須對(duì)它的主要參數(shù)，如溫度、壓力、流量等進(jìn)行有效的控制。溫度控制在生產(chǎn)過程中占有相當(dāng)大的比例。溫度測(cè)量是溫度控制的基礎(chǔ)，技術(shù)已經(jīng)比較成熟。傳統(tǒng)的測(cè)溫元件有熱電偶和二電阻。而熱電偶和熱電阻測(cè)出的一般都是電壓，再轉(zhuǎn)換成對(duì)應(yīng)的溫度，這些方法相對(duì)比較復(fù)雜，需要比較多的外部硬件支持。我們用一種相對(duì)比較簡(jiǎn)單的方式來測(cè)量。我們采用美國(guó)DALLAS半導(dǎo)體公司繼DS1820之后推出的一種改進(jìn)型智能溫度傳感器DS18B20作為檢測(cè)元件，溫度范圍為 -55~125 ºC,最高分辨率可達(dá)0.0625 ºC。DS18B20可以直接讀出被側(cè)溫度值，而且采用三線制與單片機(jī)相連，減少了外部的硬件電路，具有低成本和易使用的特點(diǎn)。

本文主要介紹高精度溫度計(jì)的設(shè)計(jì)。本設(shè)計(jì)大體分三個(gè)工作過程：首先,由DS18b20溫度傳感器芯片測(cè)量當(dāng)前的溫度,并將結(jié)果送入單片機(jī)。然后,通過 AT89C51單片機(jī)對(duì)送來的溫度進(jìn)行計(jì)算和轉(zhuǎn)換,并將此結(jié)果送入液晶顯示模塊。最后,由1602液晶顯示器將溫度顯示出來。

【關(guān)鍵詞】: 溫度控制、溫度測(cè)試、AT89C51、1602LCD、DS18b20溫度傳感器

ABSTRAC

【ABSTRAC】:In daily life and industrial production process, often used in the detection and control of temperature, temperature is the production process and scientific experiments in general and one of the important physical parameter. In the production process, in order to efficiently carry out the production, to be its main parameters, such as temperature, pressure, flow control, etc... Temperature control in the production process of a large proportion. Temperature measurement is the basis of temperature-controlled, more mature technology. Traditional thermocouple and temperature components are the second resistor. The thermocouple and thermal resistance are generally measured voltage, and then replaced by the corresponding temperature, these methods are relatively complex, requiring a relatively large number of external hardware support. We use a relatively simple way to measure. We use the United States following DALLAS Semiconductor DS1820 improved after the introduction of a smart temperature sensor DS18B20 as the detection element, a temperature range of -55 ~ 125 º C, up to a maximum resolution of 0.0625 º C. DS18B20 can be directly read out the temperature on the north side, and three-wire system with single-chip connected to a decrease of the external hardware circuit, with low-cost and easy use.

This paper describes the design of high-precision thermometer. This design generally divided into three work process: First of all, the temperature sensor chip by measuring the current DS18b20 temperature, and the results into the microcontroller. Then, by AT89C51 microcontroller sent to the calculation of the temperature and conversion, and this result into the liquid crystal display modules. Finally, by 1602 the temperature LCD display.

【Key words】: Temperature control、temperature testing、 AT89C51、 1602LCD、DS18b20 temperature sensor

目 錄

第一章 緒論 1

第二章 系統(tǒng)硬件的設(shè)計(jì) 2

2.1 硬件設(shè)計(jì) 2

2.1.1功能要求 2

2.1.2方案論證 2

2.2 系統(tǒng)硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)..............................................2

2.2.1 AT89C51單片機(jī) 2

2.2.1.1 AT89C51簡(jiǎn)介及引腳功能說明.......................................2

2.2.1.2 復(fù)位電路........................................................4

2.2.1.3 時(shí)鐘(晶振)電路 4

2.2.2 1602液晶顯示器 5

2.2.2.1 1602LCD 基本參數(shù)及引腳功能說明..................................5

2.2.2.2 1602LCD 指令說明及時(shí)序..........................................6

2.2.2.3 1602LCD 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)字符庫(kù)..............................................8

2.2.2.4 1602LCD 顯示電路圖..............................................9

2.2.3 DS18b20 溫度傳感器........................................10

2.2.3.1 DS18B20 結(jié)構(gòu)及引腳功能說明.....................................10

2.2.3.2 DS18B20 內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)...............................................10

2.2.3.3 DS18B20 初始化和讀/寫時(shí)序......................................12

2.2.3.4 DS18B20 常用指令...............................................13

2.2.3.5 DS18B20 溫度采集電路圖.........................................14

第三章 系統(tǒng)程序的設(shè)計(jì) 15

3.1 主程序 15

3.2 DS18B20模塊程序 15

3.3 1602液晶模塊程序............................................... 16

第四章 應(yīng)用的相關(guān)軟件 18

4.1 keil uVision3編輯軟件 18

4.2 Protel 99SE 電路板設(shè)計(jì)軟件 18

4.3 智能高速通用編輯器 18

第五章 實(shí)物效果展示 20

第六章 結(jié)論與心得 21

致謝 22

參考文獻(xiàn) 23

附錄A. 高精度溫度計(jì)電路原理圖 24

附錄B. 材料清單 25

附錄C. 源程序 26