Gordleton 磨坊小水電改造工程水能開發(fā)和環(huán)境影響評估(外文翻譯)

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摘要：水能和環(huán)境影響的評估，對于判別英格蘭新福里斯特區(qū)埃文河 Gordleton 磨坊重新安裝一臺改良水車或一臺水輪機(jī)或一臺阿基米德式螺旋水輪機(jī)的可行性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性是至關(guān)重要的?；谝粋€(gè)典型水文年份年平均徑流量0.41 m3/ s且合理利用水資源的方案，Gordleton 磨坊改造后的年電力輸出為26 000～30 000 kW• h。實(shí)地調(diào)查并記錄了當(dāng)前的環(huán)境變量，包括土地利用、植被、基層、水質(zhì)、魚類、無脊椎動物和噪音等。其中，魚類洄游，特別是受法律保護(hù)的二齡鮭，將會受到工程影響，需要安裝網(wǎng)格為1cm2的護(hù)魚篩網(wǎng)并提供魚道。噪音和振動也是主要的環(huán)境影響，采用隔音材料可以降低其負(fù)面作用。推薦采用0.15 m3/ s的旱季生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的補(bǔ)償流量。
關(guān)鍵詞：水能；環(huán)境影響；水車；魚類；緩解措施




Hydropowe Development and Environmental Impact
Assessment: A Case Study of Gordleton Mill


Abstract:
An assessment of hydropower potential and environmental is vital to a decision whether it is feasible and valuable to reinstall a waterwheel, a turbine or an Archimedean screw for Gordletion Mill on the Avon water, New Forest District, England . Based on an annual mean flow of 0.41 m3/s in a typical year, a yearly energy output of around 26000~30000 kW.h may be ensured under a reasonable operation strategy. The present environmental factors including land use, vegetation and substrate, water quality, fish and invertebrate and noise were recorder. Fish migration, especially for smolts protected by law, will be influenced; hence a physical fish screen made of fixed meshed with 1 cm2 holes and provision of bypass channels are necessary. Noise and vibration also are the main environmental concerns; however, an appropriate design including using sound-proof materials can mitigate the negative effects under further field experiments. A discharge of 0.15 m3/s is used for compensation flow for ecosystem within the drought season.

Keywords:
hydropower; environmental impact; waterwheel; fish; mitigation measures