試論孟德斯鳩的政體觀
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目 錄
摘要………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ
引言………………………………………………………………………………………1
一、孟德斯鳩政體分類及其原則…………………………………………2
（一） 政體的分類……………………………………………………………2
1. 共和政體………………………………………………………………………2
2. 君主政體………………………………………………………………………3
3. 專制政體………………………………………………………………………4
（二） 各種政體的原則……………………………………………………4
1. 共和政體的原則………………………………………………………………4
2. 君主政體的原則………………………………………………………………5
3. 專制政體的原則………………………………………………………………6
二、孟德斯鳩對各種政體的評價……………………………………………7
（一）對共和政體的評價……………………………………………………7
（二）對君主政體的評價……………………………………………………7
（三）對專制政體的評價……………………………………………………8
三、孟德斯鳩政體觀之精神…………………………………………………10
（一）法治…………………………………………………………………………10
（二）自由…………………………………………………………………………11
（三）平等 ………………………………………………………………………12
結(jié)束語……………………………………………………………………………………14
參考文獻(xiàn)……………………………………………………………………………….15
致謝……………………………………………………………………………………….16


摘 要
孟德斯鳩作為法國十八世紀(jì)紷@齙惱握苧Ъ搖⑵裘傷枷爰搖⒆什準(zhǔn)獨(dú)礪鄣拇詞既撕妥什準(zhǔn)斗ɡ礪鄣牡旎酥?，他的思想和赖Z凵婕懊娣淺９惴漢途睢Ｆ渲械惱逅枷胨哪諶菔址岣?，主要包括：政体的窋S啵ń寤治埠駝?、君主政体和专制政体）、政体的袨?zāi)?、政体的X潁ü埠駝宓腦蚴敲賴攏瘓髡宓腦蚴僑儆蛔ㄖ普宓腦蚴強(qiáng)植潰?、政体同法律等删l崾率檔墓叵怠⒍愿髦終宓鈉蘭垡約罷逵胝巫雜傻戎疃嗄諶藎浞岣壞惱逅枷朐毯派羈痰姆ㄖ?、纂s珊推降染?。震Q渲屑扔兄檔冒锏哪芷艫先嗣撬枷虢?、拓毌蕿懣~拿鞣⒄溝納鑠淥枷牒途倮礪郟縊髡漚∪ㄖ?、蕯承法治、保障公民权利、反对公开确认颤S降群圖似降取Ｍ彼惱逅枷胍燦寫嬖阼Υ玫牡胤劍枰頤竅鋼碌拿鞅妗?br>
關(guān)鍵詞： 孟德斯鳩 政體 法治 自由 平等


On Montesquieu's Point of View about Forms of Government

Abstract
Montesquieu as a distinguished French political philosopher , thinker of the Enlightenment on 18th century ,The founder of the theory of bourgeoise and the one of the legal theory of the bourgeoisie, whose ideological and theoretical involved is very extensive and profound. They contained various of government including: the classification of governments ( to be divided into the republic ,the monarchy and the dictatorship ), the nature and the principle governments (the republic is virtue ,the monarchy is of honor and the dictatorship is terrorist ), the relationship among the governments ,the law,the social fact and the eva luation of the various political freedom and so on. Are rich contains in the profound the spirit of rules of law ,freedoms and equalities. Among these ,there are worthy celebrating deep thinkings and brilliant theories which can inspire the people and promote the development of world civilization. Such as ,he advocated improving the legal system ,practicing ruling by law ,protecting civil right and opposing the public recognition of extreme inequality and equality. At the same time ,he is also thinking that there are also flaws of governments which need to be distinguished in detail.
Key words: Montesquieu; government;rule of law；freedom; equality