小型雙面平衡機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)
15700字        31頁

摘    要

    課題的中心任務(wù)是要研制出具有靜偶分離特征的新型動(dòng)平衡機(jī)的擺架結(jié)構(gòu)，并實(shí)現(xiàn)在低轉(zhuǎn)速下的高精度動(dòng)不平衡量測量。為此，在擺架機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)上進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)，做到平動(dòng)剛度與扭動(dòng)剛度匹配、平動(dòng)固有頻率與扭動(dòng)固有頻率接近，并提高擺架系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)中心位置；在測量系統(tǒng)方面，改進(jìn)電路設(shè)計(jì)、減小外界干擾和誤差以提高測量精度。
    為實(shí)現(xiàn)靜不平衡和偶不平衡的有效分離，設(shè)計(jì)了 HVB1-30新的硬支承雙面動(dòng)平衡機(jī)擺架結(jié)構(gòu)并對(duì)其振動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了深入分析。由于新的擺架結(jié)構(gòu)采用變截面結(jié)構(gòu)，平動(dòng)剛度與扭動(dòng)剛度相匹配，且采用多只傳感器相互垂直地布置于測量點(diǎn)處，這樣新的動(dòng)平衡機(jī)可以直接測量靜不平衡和偶不平衡，兩者相互影響極小。采用新擺架結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)平衡機(jī)特別適合于飛行物體的慣性測量，且克服了傳統(tǒng)的雙面雙面動(dòng)平衡機(jī)長期以來平面分離不佳的缺點(diǎn)。
    本文還分析了皮帶、軸承等對(duì)動(dòng)平衡測量的影響，也分析了系統(tǒng)誤差。
本文研制的新型雙面動(dòng)平衡機(jī)，可以準(zhǔn)確地測量工件的靜不平衡與偶不平衡，可以更精確地了解工件的質(zhì)量特性?？梢灶A(yù)見，新型雙面動(dòng)平衡機(jī)在我國國防與航天航空領(lǐng)域必將得到廣泛地應(yīng)用。另外，本文研制的新型雙面動(dòng)平衡機(jī)無疑成為我國動(dòng)平衡機(jī)生產(chǎn)上的新品種，可適用多種工件的雙面動(dòng)平衡測試，這對(duì)我國雙面動(dòng)平衡機(jī)的推廣應(yīng)用也具有重要意義。

關(guān)鍵詞：動(dòng)平衡機(jī)，振動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，靜不平衡量，偶不平衡量，模態(tài)分析

ABSTRACT
   The primary task is to develop new-type swing frame of vertical dynamic balancing machine with static-couple separation character, and to measure the amount of dynamic unbalance at low rotation velocity. Therefore, various new-type swing frames are designed out. Their translation stiffness are assort with their torsion stiffness, the translation natural frequencies are closed to the torsion natural frequencies. The positions of the vibration centers of new-type swing frame systems are improved. To improve the measurement precision, the circuit is amended and the disturbing signals and measurement errors are reduced.
   To separate the static unbalance and couple unbalance effectively, the HVB1-30 types of hard bearing vertical dynamic balancing machines are designed and their vibration structures are analyzed in detail in this dissertation. There are many variational-section spring boards in the new swing frames. The translation stiffness is assort with the torsion stiffness. Furthermore, there are several sensors on the measurement points, fixed vertically and horizontally respectively. Therefore, the new dynamic balancing machines can measure static unbalance and couple unbalance directly,and the influence between them is faint. The new vertical dynamic balancing machines are III suitable for inertial measurement of flying objects, and can overcome the shortcomings of traditional vertical dynamic balancing machines, in which the effect of plane-separation is inferior. The vertical dynamic balancing machines with the new vibration structures can be widely used in the future applications.
   The effects that belt and bearings act on the dynamic balancing measurement and system errors are analyzed also in this dissertation.
   The new vertical dynamic balancing machines can measure the static unbalance and couple unbalance well and truly find out the mass properties of work-piece. The new types of vertical dynamic balancing machines must be applied widely in national defence, space flight and voyage fields. Furthermore, they are new varieties in dynamic balancing machine field in our country. Various work-pieces can be balanced by the new machines, which can accelerate vertical dynamic balancing machines to be used widely.

   Key words： dynamic-balancing-machine,Vibration-structure，Static-unbalance，Couple-unbalance;Modalanalysis，Dynamic-simulation

目   錄

摘    要 I
ABSTRACT II
1  緒論 1
1.1 研究的背景與意義. 1
1.2 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3 本文的主要工作 4
2  方案擬訂 5
2.1 擺架機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.2 主軸機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 10
2.3 傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 11
2.4 床身設(shè)計(jì) 11
3  設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 13
3.1帶輪的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 13
3.2 擺架設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 14
3.3 夾具設(shè)計(jì)……………………………………………………………………………17
3.3.1 定心夾緊機(jī)構(gòu)的工作原理及分類      ………………………………………… 17
3.3.2 彈性夾頭的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算          ……………………………………………18
3.3.3 彈性筒夾的材料及熱處理規(guī)范  …………………………………………… 19 

4  新型雙面動(dòng)平衡機(jī)的其他幾個(gè)問題   20
4.1 皮帶驅(qū)動(dòng)對(duì)動(dòng)平衡精度的影響 20
4.2 軸承對(duì)動(dòng)平衡精度的影響 20
4.3 雙面動(dòng)平衡機(jī)系統(tǒng)誤差分析 21
5  全文總結(jié) 24
5.1 本文的主要成果 24
5.2 應(yīng)進(jìn)一步研究的問題 24
5.3 應(yīng)用展望 24
致謝 27
參考文獻(xiàn) 28