摘 要

我國是世界最大的鞋類產品出口國，但制楦技術的相對落后，使我國制鞋工業(yè)面臨越來越嚴峻的問題，比如：鞋楦和鞋產品生產周期長，質量不穩(wěn)定，缺乏多樣性和個性，而且占用大量的鞋楦存儲空間，不便于運輸、查找、修改。鞋楦，作為制鞋的重要模具，研究實現鞋楦設計和制造的數字化特別是測量的數字化將能解決這些問題，因此具有十分重要的意義。
本文首先概述了國內外鞋楦設計制造的現狀；結合我國的制楦技術落后問題，闡明了進行鞋楦數字化的必要性和重要意義；并提出了鞋楦測量所涉及的數字化技術。然后，以立式加工中心為基礎提出利用其第四軸進行鞋楦在線測量的設計思想并分析了可行性。確定了該測量系統(tǒng)的總體方案為由四軸加工中心、合適的測頭系統(tǒng)和計算機軟硬件通過電纜線連接構成；對測量系統(tǒng)進行了詳細設計：從經濟實用角度分析選定了測頭系統(tǒng)，對測量系統(tǒng)的硬件部分比如測頭和主軸間連接件進行了具體分析設計。分析了曲面測量方法、數據處理技術和建模技術并通過Visual C++設計了加工中心的數控程序和串口通信軟件，實現鞋楦測量系統(tǒng)的功能。


關鍵詞：鞋楦，測量系統(tǒng)，離散造型，數據處理，串口通信


ABSTRACT

China is the world's largest footwear exporter, but the system Last relatively backward technology, China's shoe-making industry faces increasingly severe problems, such as: shoes and shoe last long production cycle, the quality of instability, lack of diversity and Personality, but also use up a lot of the shoe last storage space, not for transport, find, edit. Last, as an important shoe mold, to achieve shoe last study design and manufacturing in particular, the number of digital measurement will be able to solve these problems, it is of great significance.
This paper outlines the design and manufacture of domestic and foreign shoe last of the status quo; combination of China's system Last backward technology issues, elaborated on a number of shoe last of the necessity and significance, and the shoe last measurement made by the digital technology. Then, to vertical machining centers made based on the use of its fourth axis for shoe last on-line measurement and analysis of the design of the feasibility. Determine the measuring system of the overall plan because 4-axis machining center, the appropriate probe system and computer hardware and software through a cable connection; measurement system on a detailed design: From the practical point of view of the economy has been selected probe system, The measurement system hardware such as the probe and the main link between a specific analysis of the design. Analysis of the surface measurement methods, data processing and modeling techniques and technology through the Visual C + + is designed for CNC machining center procedures and serial communication software, and shoe last measurement system.


Key words: shoe last, measurement systems, discrete modeling, data processing, serial communication



目 錄

中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT ……………………………II
1緒論 1
1.1鞋楦概述 1
1.2國內外研究現狀 1
1.3課題研究內容及意義 3
1.4關鍵技術 3
1.5本章小結………………………………...…………..………………………………………….5
2測量系統(tǒng)總體方案設計 6
2.1引言 6
2.2鞋楦測量系統(tǒng)總體設計 …7
2.2.1系統(tǒng)總體流程………………………………………….………………………………..7
2.2.2測頭類型選擇…………………………………….……………………………………..7
2.2.3坐標系選擇…………………………….………………………………………………..9
2.2.4數據處理……………………………………………………….………………………..9
2.2.5曲面建模……………………………………………………….………………………..9
2.2.6系統(tǒng)連接………………………………………………………….…………………….10
2.3本章小結 ..10
3硬件部分設計 .11
3.1測頭系統(tǒng)設計 .11
3.1.1日本MITUTOYO三豐IDF系列Digimatic千分表 ……………………………….…11
3.1.2日本MITUTOYO三豐數顯千分表543-280/281/281B型 …………………………….12
3.1.3日本MITUTOYO三豐數顯千分表543-250/251/252/253型……………………….12
3.1.4德國馬爾 MarCator1082數顯千分表 13
3.1.5 德國馬爾MarCator1083/1085數顯千分表 13
3.1.6成都遠恒B531/B521型………………………………………………………………..14
3.1.7 成都遠恒B531C/B521C型…………………………………………………………….15
3.1.8比較分析………………………………………………………………………………..15
3.2 PC機和加工中心 16
3.3連接件 17
3.4母楦夾緊裝置 18
3.5本章小結 19
4軟件部分設計 20
4.1軟件流程分析 20
4.1.1測量方法………………………………………………………………………………...20
4.1.2測量流程圖………………………………………………………………………………21
4.2測量數控程序 ..22
4.3通信的實現 23
4.4本章小結 26
5測量系統(tǒng)的實現……………………………………………………………………………27
5.1鞋楦數據處理...........................................................................................................................27
5.1.1異常點處理………………………………………………………………………………..27
5.1.2測頭半徑補償………………………………………………………….……...…………..27
5.1.3..