摘 要

電液執(zhí)行器是過程控制的重要設備，是工業(yè)自動化系統(tǒng)中的執(zhí)行單元。它以電動機作為動力源，以液壓油作為傳動介質，將控制信號轉換成相應的動作來控制閥門或擋板的位置。
本文分析了國內外電液執(zhí)行機構的研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢，闡述了該課題的研究價值和目標，開發(fā)出了以8031單片機為核心，集智能信號采集、檢測、顯示和控制為一體的數控系統(tǒng)，以步進電機帶動組合閥為核心，異步電機驅動齒輪泵提供液壓油的液壓控制系統(tǒng)的一種新型電液執(zhí)行器，用于工業(yè)現(xiàn)場對流體的流量、速度的控制，具有安全可靠、性能優(yōu)越、精度高等特點。
為了使執(zhí)行器在工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)中能夠快速、準確地控制被控對象，能夠對執(zhí)行器機械部分的保護，能夠一次性動作到位而不是來回調節(jié)。本課題設計的數控電液執(zhí)行器的數控系統(tǒng)采用單片機完成，單片機強大的數據處理功能是實現(xiàn)執(zhí)行器智能化的基本保證，可以通過設定不同環(huán)境下的執(zhí)行程序來滿足對執(zhí)行器各種工作情況的要求，同時單片機的體積很小，可以減小整個執(zhí)行器機構的體積和重量，這也是選擇單片機的另一個原因。論文詳細介紹了采用MCS-51系列8031單片機開發(fā)研制的數控電液執(zhí)行器控制電路，分析了各個功能模塊，編寫了相關的控制程序，能夠實現(xiàn)數據采集、啟?？刂?、限位控制和實時顯示等功能。
數控電液執(zhí)行器的液壓控制系統(tǒng)是由油箱、異步電機驅動的齒輪泵，溢流閥、步進電機帶動的組合閥，油缸和節(jié)流閥等元件組成，文章闡述了各個元件的功能及液壓系統(tǒng)的相關設計計算。


關鍵詞：執(zhí)行器，數控系統(tǒng)，單片機，液壓系統(tǒng)，復合閥











ABSTRACT

Electro-hydraulic actuator is an important process control equipment, industrial automation systems in the implementation unit. It Motors as a power source to drive hydraulic oil as a medium to control signals into the appropriate action to control valves or lagging position

This paper analyses the implementing agencies at home and abroad, the study of the status quo and development trend on the subject of values and goals, developed a microcontroller as the core to 8031, set the smart signal acquisition, testing, display and control as one of the few Control systems to stepper motor driven combination valve at the core, the induction motor-driven hydraulic gear pump oil to provide the hydraulic control system of a new type of electro-hydraulic actuator for the industrial field of fluid flow and speed control , A safe and reliable, superior performance and high precision.

In order to make the implementation of the industrial-control system to quickly and accurately control object to the implementation of mechanical parts for the protection, to a one-time action in place rather than return regulation. The issue of the design of electro-hydraulic actuator NC NC system uses SCM completed, the MCU powerful data-processing function is to achieve the implementation of the basic guarantee for intelligent, you can set different environment through the implementation of procedures to meet For the implementation of various work requirements, while the size of a small microcontroller, can be reduced with the implementation of the volume and weight, which is another reason why the choice of SCM. Detailed papers on the use of MCS-51 series of 8031 MCU development of the NC electro-hydraulic actuator control circuit, the analysis of the various functional modules, prepared by the relevant control procedures, to achieve data collection, start and stop control, limit control And real-time display capabilities.

NC electro-hydraulic actuator of the hydraulic control system from the fuel tank, asynchronous motor-driven gear pumps, relief valve, the stepper motor-driven combination valve, fuel tanks and throttle components such as composition, the article describes the various Components and functions related to the design of the hydraulic system of calculation.


Key words：Actuator，NC system，SCM，Hydraulic system，Composite valve





目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2電液執(zhí)行器的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與趨勢 1
1.3課題的研究價值及目標 4
2執(zhí)行器控制系統(tǒng)總體方案設計 6
2.1執(zhí)行器的原理和性能要求 6
2.1.1執(zhí)行器的工作原理 6
2.1.2執(zhí)行器的特點 7
2.2執(zhí)行器控制系統(tǒng)的組成 7
3數控系統(tǒng)設計 9
3.1數控系統(tǒng)的組成 9
3.2數據采集系統(tǒng) 9
3.2.1模擬信號的采集 10
3.2.2采樣保持電路 11
3.2.3信號的模/數轉換 11
3.3鍵盤輸入系統(tǒng) 14
3.3.1按鍵開關的去抖動 14
3.3.2鍵盤與單片機的連接 14
3.4步進電機驅動系統(tǒng) 15
3.4.1隔離電路 15
3.4.2功率放大電路 16
3.5顯示接口系統(tǒng) 17
4系統(tǒng)軟件設計 18
4.1軟件系統(tǒng)程序流程圖 18
4.2程序清單 19
5液壓系統(tǒng)設計 24
5.1液壓系統(tǒng)的組成 24
5.2液壓系統(tǒng)關鍵元件的選型 24
5.2.1液壓泵的選用 24
5.2.2數字復合閥的選用 25
5.2.3油箱的選用 26
5.3液壓系統(tǒng)的設計計算 26
5.3.1液壓缸的設計計算 26
5.3.2液壓泵的設計計算 28
5.3.3管道尺寸的確定 29
5.3.4油箱容量的確定 30
5.3.5液壓缸油口直徑的計算 30
5.3.6缸底厚度的計算 30
5.4異步電機起動系統(tǒng) 31
6結論 34
參考文獻 35