摘 要

電液執(zhí)行器是過(guò)程控制的重要設(shè)備，是工業(yè)自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)中的執(zhí)行單元。它以電動(dòng)機(jī)作為動(dòng)力源，以液壓油作為傳動(dòng)介質(zhì)，將控制信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的動(dòng)作來(lái)控制閥門或擋板的位置。
本文分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外電液執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，闡述了該課題的研究?jī)r(jià)值和目標(biāo)，開(kāi)發(fā)出了以8031單片機(jī)為核心，集智能信號(hào)采集、檢測(cè)、顯示和控制為一體的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，以步進(jìn)電機(jī)帶動(dòng)組合閥為核心，異步電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)齒輪泵提供液壓油的液壓控制系統(tǒng)的一種新型電液執(zhí)行器，用于工業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)對(duì)流體的流量、速度的控制，具有安全可靠、性能優(yōu)越、精度高等特點(diǎn)。
為了使執(zhí)行器在工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)中能夠快速、準(zhǔn)確地控制被控對(duì)象，能夠?qū)?zhí)行器機(jī)械部分的保護(hù)，能夠一次性動(dòng)作到位而不是來(lái)回調(diào)節(jié)。本課題設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)控電液執(zhí)行器的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)采用單片機(jī)完成，單片機(jī)強(qiáng)大的數(shù)據(jù)處理功能是實(shí)現(xiàn)執(zhí)行器智能化的基本保證，可以通過(guò)設(shè)定不同環(huán)境下的執(zhí)行程序來(lái)滿足對(duì)執(zhí)行器各種工作情況的要求，同時(shí)單片機(jī)的體積很小，可以減小整個(gè)執(zhí)行器機(jī)構(gòu)的體積和重量，這也是選擇單片機(jī)的另一個(gè)原因。論文詳細(xì)介紹了采用MCS-51系列8031單片機(jī)開(kāi)發(fā)研制的數(shù)控電液執(zhí)行器控制電路，分析了各個(gè)功能模塊，編寫了相關(guān)的控制程序，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集、啟停控制、限位控制和實(shí)時(shí)顯示等功能。
數(shù)控電液執(zhí)行器的液壓控制系統(tǒng)是由油箱、異步電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的齒輪泵，溢流閥、步進(jìn)電機(jī)帶動(dòng)的組合閥，油缸和節(jié)流閥等元件組成，文章闡述了各個(gè)元件的功能及液壓系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算。


關(guān)鍵詞：執(zhí)行器，數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，單片機(jī)，液壓系統(tǒng)，復(fù)合閥











ABSTRACT

Electro-hydraulic actuator is an important process control equipment, industrial automation systems in the implementation unit. It Motors as a power source to drive hydraulic oil as a medium to control signals into the appropriate action to control valves or lagging position

This paper analyses the implementing agencies at home and abroad, the study of the status quo and development trend on the subject of values and goals, developed a microcontroller as the core to 8031, set the smart signal acquisition, testing, display and control as one of the few Control systems to stepper motor driven combination valve at the core, the induction motor-driven hydraulic gear pump oil to provide the hydraulic control system of a new type of electro-hydraulic actuator for the industrial field of fluid flow and speed control , A safe and reliable, superior performance and high precision.

In order to make the implementation of the industrial-control system to quickly and accurately control object to the implementation of mechanical parts for the protection, to a one-time action in place rather than return regulation. The issue of the design of electro-hydraulic actuator NC NC system uses SCM completed, the MCU powerful data-processing function is to achieve the implementation of the basic guarantee for intelligent, you can set different environment through the implementation of procedures to meet For the implementation of various work requirements, while the size of a small microcontroller, can be reduced with the implementation of the volume and weight, which is another reason why the choice of SCM. Detailed papers on the use of MCS-51 series of 8031 MCU development of the NC electro-hydraulic actuator control circuit, the analysis of the various functional modules, prepared by the relevant control procedures, to achieve data collection, start and stop control, limit control And real-time display capabilities.

NC electro-hydraulic actuator of the hydraulic control system from the fuel tank, asynchronous motor-driven gear pumps, relief valve, the stepper motor-driven combination valve, fuel tanks and throttle components such as composition, the article describes the various Components and functions related to the design of the hydraulic system of calculation.


Key words：Actuator，NC system，SCM，Hydraulic system，Composite valve





目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2電液執(zhí)行器的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與趨勢(shì) 1
1.3課題的研究?jī)r(jià)值及目標(biāo) 4
2執(zhí)行器控制系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計(jì) 6
2.1執(zhí)行器的原理和性能要求 6
2.1.1執(zhí)行器的工作原理 6
2.1.2執(zhí)行器的特點(diǎn) 7
2.2執(zhí)行器控制系統(tǒng)的組成 7
3數(shù)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 9
3.1數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的組成 9
3.2數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng) 9
3.2.1模擬信號(hào)的采集 10
3.2.2采樣保持電路 11
3.2.3信號(hào)的模/數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換 11
3.3鍵盤輸入系統(tǒng) 14
3.3.1按鍵開(kāi)關(guān)的去抖動(dòng) 14
3.3.2鍵盤與單片機(jī)的連接 14
3.4步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 15
3.4.1隔離電路 15
3.4.2功率放大電路 16
3.5顯示接口系統(tǒng) 17
4系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 18
4.1軟件系統(tǒng)程序流程圖 18
4.2程序清單 19
5液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 24
5.1液壓系統(tǒng)的組成 24
5.2液壓系統(tǒng)關(guān)鍵元件的選型 24
5.2.1液壓泵的選用 24
5.2.2數(shù)字復(fù)合閥的選用 25
5.2.3油箱的選用 26
5.3液壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 26
5.3.1液壓缸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 26
5.3.2液壓泵的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 28
5.3.3管道尺寸的確定 29
5.3.4油箱容量的確定 30
5.3.5液壓缸油口直徑的計(jì)算 30
5.3.6缸底厚度的計(jì)算 30
5.4異步電機(jī)起動(dòng)系統(tǒng) 31
6結(jié)論 34
參考文獻(xiàn) 35