臺灣海峽及附近海難事故的分析

[摘要]：臺灣海峽是船舶最重要的導(dǎo)航儀器之一，無論航行、拋錨、靠泊等都要用到雷達(dá)，要使雷達(dá)定位準(zhǔn)確，必須正確的識別和辨認(rèn)物標(biāo)回波，選擇合適的定位物標(biāo)，采用最佳的定位方法及正確的海圖作業(yè)，充分了解雷達(dá)各定位方法的誤差。本文論述了船用雷達(dá)的定位方法種類，通過實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù)分析各種雷達(dá)定位方法的精度誤差及其影響因素，以及如何提高雷達(dá)定位精度。通過對雷達(dá)定位精度的評估，充分認(rèn)識雷達(dá)，了解雷達(dá)定位誤差的種類，消除或避免部分誤差，對船舶在海上、內(nèi)河及狹水道的安全航行起著很大的作用。使駕駛?cè)藛T做到心中有數(shù)，減少并在一定程度上避免海難的發(fā)生。

[關(guān)鍵詞]：臺灣海峽  海難  原因分析  預(yù)防對策

Shipping radar positioning method and practice of positioning accuracy assessment

[Abstract]: Radar is the most important of the ship's navigation equipment. regardless of proceeding, anchoring and berthing, and so on, deck officer has to use radar to make accurate positioning. To make accurate positioning,we must correctly konw and identify object echo. And choose a suitable positioning object. Use the best method of positioning .And correctly operate charts.Additionally,fully acknowledge the kinds of positioning errors. This article discusses the positioning kinds of the ship radar, through a variety of radar measuring data,analyse accuracies of kinds of radar positioning and error factors, as well as how to improve the accuracy of radar positioning.Through the assessment of the radar positioning accuracy, fully aware of the radar, the kinds of errors, to eliminate or avoid some of the errors. These are very important for shipping at sea, river and the narrow channel. So it can make deck officers having a pretty good idea to reduce and avoid the marine disaster occurred to some extent.

 [Key words]: ship  radar positioning  positioning error  accuracy