摘 要
隨著電子技術和計算機技術的進步，智能家居逐步進入人們的生活中。然而通過調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn)，目前市場上的產(chǎn)品還都存在這樣或那樣的不足，例如功能不全、成本較高、安裝維護不便等，使智能家居產(chǎn)品沒有得到很好的推廣。為此，設計了基于LPC2138和藍牙技術的智能家居系統(tǒng)。
系統(tǒng)采用菲利普公司的LPC2138作為中心控制芯片。LPC2138是基于一個支持實時仿真和嵌入式跟蹤的ARM7TDMI-STM CPU的微控制器,支持32/16位代碼，有很強的處理能力。其具有多達47個GPIO和9個外部中斷，使系統(tǒng)可實現(xiàn)多種功能。
系統(tǒng)應用藍牙模塊來組建家庭內(nèi)部通信網(wǎng)絡。藍牙技術是一項公開的近距離無線連接的技術規(guī)范，工作在2. 4GHz的ISM(工業(yè)、科學、醫(yī)學) 頻段上,具有開放性、低功耗等特點，傳輸距離一般為0.1m～10m，功率放大后可達100m。藍牙模塊在系統(tǒng)中的應用，解決了智能家居系統(tǒng)應用時需重新布線的煩惱。但是，藍牙工作的ISM頻段是全球的公共頻段（大多數(shù)國家規(guī)定該頻段為2400～2483.5 MHz ,并劃分為79個信道, 每個信道帶寬為1MHz），在使用其中某個頻段時，也就難免出現(xiàn)相互之間的干擾。為此,系統(tǒng)采用跳頻和前向糾錯方案以確保鏈路的穩(wěn)定性。
在進行系統(tǒng)的硬件電路設計時，為了提高系統(tǒng)電路的通用性，從而將系統(tǒng)分為不同的模塊。中心控制模塊，負責信息匯總處理和系統(tǒng)總體控制功能；家庭安全防范模塊，監(jiān)控并采集家庭環(huán)境信息，并通過系統(tǒng)中心控制模塊與安全設備連接可實現(xiàn)安全聯(lián)動功能；家用電器控制模塊，通過控制開關和紅外遙控來實現(xiàn)控制家用電器的功能；緊急呼叫模塊，實現(xiàn)緊急呼救功能；家庭內(nèi)部通信模塊，即為藍牙模塊，嵌入在系統(tǒng)中心控制模塊、家庭安全防范模塊、家用電器控制模塊和緊急呼叫模塊上，實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)中心控制模塊和家庭安全防范模塊、家用電器控制模塊、緊急呼叫模塊間的通信；家庭對外通信模塊，可實現(xiàn)自動報警和遠程控制的功能。 由于系統(tǒng)電路的模塊化設計和無線通信技術的應用，從而使得系統(tǒng)便于安裝、維護。
在進行軟件設計時，遵循模塊化的設計思想，既考慮了各模塊功能的實現(xiàn)，又兼顧了程序總體的協(xié)調(diào)性。系統(tǒng)軟件主要由一個中心控制程序和六個子程序構(gòu)成。各個子程序基本上與硬件模塊相對應。在ARM公司推出的ADS1.2集成開發(fā)環(huán)境下，利用C語言進行系統(tǒng)的程序設計。
論文首次將ARM單片機和藍牙技術應用于智能家居系統(tǒng)中；藍牙技術的無線連接解決了家庭布線的煩惱；系統(tǒng)的硬件和軟件都采用了模塊化設計，使得系統(tǒng)具有很強的可移植性。系統(tǒng)的各部分硬件電路均經(jīng)過聯(lián)機檢測實驗，性能良好。
系統(tǒng)具有成本較低，性能完善，可靠性高，易于安裝、維護、擴充升級等特點，便于推廣和應用。
關鍵詞：智能家居；LPC2138；藍牙技術；模塊化設計

Abstract
With the development of the technology in electronic and communication, the smart home system is coming into people’s life. But the products on the market still have some deficiencies at present, for example, incomplete function, high cost, discommodious to install and safeguard and so on. So the smart home system product isn’t popularized very well. Therefore, the smart home system based on LPC2138 and bluetooth technology has been designed.
LPC2138 which Philip Corporation promotes is used for the master control chip in the smart home system. It is a micro-controller which based on a 32/16 bit ARM7TDMI-STM CPU supported Real-Time Emulation and Embedded Track. It supported 32/16 bit code and can supply strong process function. Because of forty-seven GPIO and nine external interrupt in LPC2138, the smart home system can supply many kinds of function.
Bluetooth technology is used for organizing the communication network in the house. It is one kind of public short distance wireless connection technology manual. It works in the 2.4GHz ISM (Industry, Science, Medicine) frequency band and has many characteristics, for example, openness, low power consumption. Its trans- mission distance is popularly from 0.1m to 10m, it can reach 100m if amplifying its power. The application of bluetooth module in the smart home system，solve the trouble that the system wouldn’t need wiring in house again when being employed. But the ISM frequency band which bluetooth works in is one kind of global public frequency band (defined 2400 to 2483.5MHz by most countries in the world and it is plotted out to seventy-nine channels and the bandwidth is 1MHz). It is inevitable to come across mutual interference when it is working at one of channels. The project of Frequency Hopping and Forward Error Correction is used for insuring stability of the link.
While carrying on hardware circuit design of the smart home system, in order to improve the commonality of the circuit, the system is plotted out different modules. The master control module assumes the information collecting , information processing and the major control of the system; The house safety and protection module monitors and collects the environmental information of the system, it also can realize the safety team work if it connects the safety equipment by the master control module; The household appliances control module can control the household appliances by control switch points and infrared remote-control; The emergency call module it has the function of calling for help peremptorily; The house inside communication module is the bluetooth module and realizes the reciprocal communication about the master control module and the household appliances control module, the emergency ca..