摘 要
隨著現(xiàn)代海戰(zhàn)的需要和科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，對(duì)艦炮技術(shù)性能的要求也越來(lái)越高。轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)作為艦炮供彈系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，其性能直接決定著整個(gè)供彈系統(tǒng)的可靠性。本文針對(duì)某艦炮轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)出現(xiàn)的振動(dòng)及部件斷裂問(wèn)題，結(jié)合非線性有限元理論和結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)，運(yùn)用ABAQUS軟件對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析，并通過(guò)正交試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方法對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)主要部件進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化。
文中主要就以下內(nèi)容進(jìn)行研究：
1） 運(yùn)用PRO/E軟件和有限元前處理軟件HyperMesh分別建立了轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)的三維實(shí)體模型與有限元模型，利用ABAQUS軟件分析了轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)的運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)和關(guān)鍵部件的結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度，揭示了搖臂的應(yīng)力集中非常嚴(yán)重，并結(jié)合應(yīng)力測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了其有限元模型的合理性和方法的正確性。
2） 針對(duì)物理樣機(jī)試驗(yàn)中出現(xiàn)的振動(dòng)問(wèn)題，對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)關(guān)鍵部件建立合理模型，并進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析，研究其固有特性，確定了結(jié)構(gòu)的薄弱部位。結(jié)合非線性結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型，研究了主要部件連接處的位移響應(yīng)。通過(guò)對(duì)模態(tài)和位移響應(yīng)的研究，得出三大部件均出現(xiàn)了不同程度的振動(dòng)。
3） 結(jié)合正交試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方法對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)主要部件進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化，通過(guò)對(duì)優(yōu)化前后主要部件動(dòng)態(tài)特性和動(dòng)態(tài)強(qiáng)度的對(duì)比分析，評(píng)估了結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的可行性。
本文對(duì)艦炮轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真、分析了主要部件的固有屬性且檢驗(yàn)了轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)的可靠性（結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度、位移響應(yīng)等）。在動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合正交試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化方法改進(jìn)主要部件的結(jié)構(gòu)，改善了系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)特性，提高了主要部件的剛度和強(qiáng)度，為艦炮轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)提出一種方法，同時(shí)也為提高艦炮技術(shù)性能提供參考依據(jù)。

關(guān)鍵詞 轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī) 顯式算法 正交試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì) 結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化 有限元分析
Abstract
As the needs of modern naval warfare and the development of science and technology, naval guns have to continuously improve the technical performance. The Driver is an important part of the gun feeding system, its reliability could ensure the reliability of the gun feeding system. For vibration and broken of parts, this thesis focuses on nonlinear structural dynamics analysis of The Driver by ABAQUS, optimize structure of main parts for the driver by based on Orthogonal Experimental Design.
Main work in the thesis is as follows:
1) 3D model is built by PRO/E, then mesh model is built by HyperMesh, and at last, reasonable simplified nonlinear finite element model of The Driver is built by ABAQUS.It is studied in order to know state of motion and check the structural strength of main parts. Stress results show that stress concentration of the ranging arm is very severe. At the same time, stress testing experiment was done to verify correctness of the simplified model.
2) For physical prototype test problems that vibration of The Driver occur, reasonable finite element models of primary parts are built，its mode is studied in order to realize the inherent characteristic, find out the weak part of The Driver. On the basis of nonlinear structural dynamics model, displacement response of main parts is studied. With studying mode and displacement response, the results show that vibration of The Driver has occurred.
3) The paper combines orthogonal experimental design to optimize structure of main parts, contrasts dynamic characteristics and dynamic strength of main components before and after the optimization, assesses the feasibility of structural improvements.
This thesis focuses on nonlinear structural dynamics analysis of The Driver for a certain type of naval gun with nonlinear finite element method and structural dynamics theory, in order to realize the inherent characteristic and verify its reliability such as the intensity, displacement response and so on. On the basis of the dynamic simulation analysis, taking orthogonal design optimize structure of main parts so as to improve the dynamic property of The Driver, increase the structural stiffness and strength，propose a method for structure optimization of The Driver, and provide a reference for improving technical performance of naval gun.
Keywords The Driver, Explicit Algorithm, Orthogonal Experimental Design, Structural Optimization, Finite Element Analysis


目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract III
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 選題背景和意義 1
1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2.1非線性有限元法 2
1.2.2結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué) 3
1.2.3火炮動(dòng)力學(xué) 3
1.2.4試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方法 4
1.3 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容和章節(jié)安排 6
1.3.1 主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 6
1.3.2 章節(jié)安排 6
1.4本章小結(jié) 7
第2章 非線性結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析理論和方法 8
2.1 概述 8
2.2 有限元法的基本理論 9
2.2.1有限元的基本思想 9
2.2.2有限元的基本過(guò)程 9
2.3 非線性結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)有限元方程組的解法 10
2.3.1 概述 10
2.3.2直接積分法 11
2.3.3振型疊加法 15
2.4 接觸理論 16
2.4.1 摩擦模型 16
2.4.2 接觸算法 17
2.5 本章小結(jié) 19
第3章 轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)有限元模型的建立 20
3.1 概述 20
3.2 轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)的工作原理 20
3.3 轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)的有限元模型 21
3.3.1單元選擇和網(wǎng)格劃分 22
3.3.2材料屬性 24
3.3.3 ABAQUS中Interaction模塊 24
3.3.4邊界條件和載荷 27
3.3.5分析類型 28
3.4 本章小結(jié) 28
第4章 轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)非線性結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析 29
4.1 概述 29
4.2 轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)不同時(shí)刻運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)分析 29
4.3 轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)關(guān)鍵部件的模態(tài)分析 30
4.4 轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)關(guān)鍵部件應(yīng)力分布分析 32
4.5 轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)分析 38
4.5.1影響轉(zhuǎn)彈機(jī)系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力特性的因素 38
4.5.2位移響應(yīng)分析 39
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