Underground coal mines have always had to control the presence of different gases in the mining environment. Among these gases, methane is the most important one, since it is inherent to coal. Despite of the technical developments in recent decades, methane hazards have not yet been fully avoided. This is partly due to the increasing depths of modern mines, where methane emissions are higher, and also to other mining-related circumstances, such as the increase in production rates and its consequences: difficulties in controlling the increasing methane levels, increasing mechanization, the use of explosives and not paying close attention to methane control systems.
The main purposes of this paper are to establish site measurements using some critical parameters that are not part of the standard mining-control methods for risk assessment and to analyze the gas behavior of subvertical coal seams in deep mines in order to prevent gas incidents from occurring. The ultimate goal is the improvement in mining conditions and therefore in safety conditions.
For this purpose, two different mines were instrumented for mine control and monitoring. Both mines belong to the Riosa–Olloniego coalfield, in the Asturias Central Basin, Spain and the areas instrumented are mined via subhorizontal sublevels at an actual depth of around 1000 m under the overburden of Mount Lusorio.
During this research, a property favoring gas outbursts was site measured for the first time in an outburst-prone coal (8th Coalbed), gas pressure and its variations, which contributed to complete the data available from previous characterizations and to set some guidelines for assessing the potential outburst-prone areas. A gas-measurement-tube set has been designed for measuring gas pressure as well as its variation over time as a result of nearby workings and to calculate permeability.
The paper establishes the effect of overlapping of works, but it also shows the efficacy of two preventive measures to be applied: high pressure water infusion and the exploitation of a protective coal seam (7th Coalbed), that must be mined preferably two complete sublevels before commencing the advance in the outburst-prone coalbed. Both measures constitute an improvement in the mining sequence and therefore in safety, and should be completed with a systematic measurement to control the risk: gas pressure in the 8th Coalbed in the area of influence of other workings, to establish the most suitable moment to renew the advance. Further researches could focus on ascertaining the permeability, not only in mined areas but also in areas of the mine that are still not affected by mining work and on tuning more finely the ranges of influence of overstress time and overlap distance of the workings of the 7th Coalbed in the 8th Coalbed.


摘要
礦井中有很多氣體影響著煤礦工作環(huán)境，在這些氣體中，甲烷是重要的，他伴隨著煤的產(chǎn)生而存在。盡管隨著科技的發(fā)展，但我們始終無(wú)法完全消除。瓦斯氣體隨著開采深度的增加而增多。甲烷排放量高的地方，也適用于其他采礦有關(guān)的情況，如在生產(chǎn)率和它的產(chǎn)生的后果，增加深度：在控制日益增加的甲烷量的方面有很多困難，主要是提高機(jī)械化，使用爆炸品，而不是密切關(guān)注瓦斯控制系統(tǒng)。
本文的主要目的是建立實(shí)地測(cè)量，使用一些不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的采礦控制風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估方法的一部分，并分析了深部煤層瓦斯礦井直立的行為，以及防止發(fā)生瓦斯事故的關(guān)鍵參數(shù)。最終目標(biāo)是在開采條件的改善，提高礦井的安全性。
為此，設(shè)置了兩個(gè)不同的地雷儀表進(jìn)行礦井控制和監(jiān)測(cè)。這兩個(gè)煤礦屬于Riosa- Olloniego煤田，在西班牙阿斯圖里亞斯中央盆地。儀器是通過subhorizontal能級(jí)開采的，一個(gè)約1000米的山Lusorio根據(jù)實(shí)際深度覆蓋的地區(qū)。
在本研究中，一個(gè)是有利于瓦斯突出的易發(fā)煤（第八層），測(cè)定其氣體壓力及其變化，這將有助于提供以前的特征以完成數(shù)據(jù)，并評(píng)估第一次測(cè)量的網(wǎng)站潛在的爆發(fā)多發(fā)地區(qū)提供一些指導(dǎo)。本文運(yùn)用一個(gè)氣體測(cè)量管設(shè)計(jì)了一套用于測(cè)量一段時(shí)間由于附近的運(yùn)作的結(jié)果，計(jì)算低滲氣壓力以及其變化..