Abstract： A fully implantable wireless pressure sensor system was developed to monitor bladder pressures in vivo. The system comprises a small commercial pressure die connected via catheter to amplifying electronics, a microcontroller, wireless transmitter, battery, and a personal digital assistant (PDA) or computer to receive the wireless data. The sensor is fully implantable and transmits pressure data once every second with a pressure detection range of 1.5 psi gauge and a resolution of 0.02 psi. In vitro calibration measurements of the device showed a high degree of linearity and excellent temporal response. The implanted device perfored continuously in vivo in several porcine studies lasting over 3 days. This system can be adapted for other pressure readings, as well as other vital sign measurements; it represents the first step in developing a ubiquitous sensing platform for telemedicine and remote patient monitoring.
Keywords： MEMS . Pressure sensor . Implantable . Patient monitoring . Telemetry . Telemedicine . Bladder .Wireless
1 Introduction
There has been significant interest in the medical community in telemedicine and remote patient monitoring at home and in the hospital . Current patient monitoring instrumentation and practices can be cumbersome and restrictive. For example, in the intensive care unit, blood pressure monitoring can be monitored continuously with an arterial line. This is a catheter that is placed in the artery, and an external transducer detects the pressure. The limitations of this are that the accuracy is highly variable, and the patient is often sedated to prevent him from injuring himself from movement. On the other hand, in standard floor care, while completely non-invasive and burden-free to the patient, standard blood pressure measurements with a cuff are non-continuous point measurements typically taken every 2–12 h. The development of critical vital signs between measurements could be missed. Currently, there is no device which provides clinicians with continuous monitoring of vital signs without being extremely invasive and/or cumbersome.


摘要：一個完全植入式無線壓力傳感器監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)是為了檢測體內膀胱的壓力。該系統(tǒng)包括一個小型的商業(yè)壓力模具經(jīng)導管連接到電子放大設備，一個微控制器，無線發(fā)射器，電池和個人數(shù)字助理（PDA）或接收無線數(shù)據(jù)的計算機。該傳感器是完全植入的，并且每秒傳送一次壓力數(shù)據(jù)，壓力檢測評估范圍為1.5 psi，分辨率為0.02 psi。在體外，設備的校準測量表現(xiàn)出高度的線性度和良好的時間響應。該裝置植入一些豬的體內進行研究，歷時超過3天。該系統(tǒng)能適用于其他方面的壓力讀數(shù)，以及其他生命體征的測量，它邁出了一個無處不在的發(fā)展遠程醫(yī)療和遠程病人監(jiān)控平臺的第一步。
關鍵詞：微機電系統(tǒng)、壓力傳感器、植入、患者的監(jiān)測、遙測、遠程醫(yī)療、膀胱、無線
1介紹：
目前，醫(yī)學界對在家和在醫(yī)院的病人的遠程醫(yī)療和遠程監(jiān)控產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣。當前，病人監(jiān)護儀器和實現(xiàn)手法是繁瑣和局限的。例如，在重癥監(jiān)護病房，血壓監(jiān)測可用動脈線進行連續(xù)監(jiān)測。這是一個放置在動脈的導管，并且外部傳感器能檢測到壓力。它的局限性是高度可變的準確性，患者往往服用鎮(zhèn)靜劑，以防止因運動對自身造成傷害。另一方面，在標準的基礎護理中，雖然對病人是完全非侵入性，并且免除了他們的負擔，但是，病人血壓標準測量與非連續(xù)點的測量通常采取每2-12小時一次。重要的生命體征測量值間的顯影可能被錯過。目前，還沒有連續(xù)監(jiān)測生命體征的，并且可提供無極端入侵和或麻煩的，如同臨床醫(yī)生的設備。