橋梁設(shè)計計算書


 摘  要
本設(shè)計是根據(jù)設(shè)計任務(wù)書的要求和《公路橋規(guī)》的規(guī)定,對高坎——上官伯段的高坎大橋進行方案比選和設(shè)計的。對該橋的設(shè)計，本著“安全、經(jīng)濟、美觀、實用”的八字原則，本論文提出兩種不同的橋型方案進行比較和選擇：方案一為預應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋，方案二為  拱橋。經(jīng)由以上的八字原則以及設(shè)計施工等多方面考慮、比較確定預應(yīng)力混凝土簡支梁橋（錐形錨具）為推薦方案。
   在設(shè)計中，橋梁上部結(jié)構(gòu)的計算著重分析了橋梁在使用工程中恒載以及活載的作用利，采用整體的體積以及自重系數(shù)，荷載集度進行恒載內(nèi)力的計算。運用杠桿原理法、偏心壓力法求出活載橫向分布系數(shù)，并運用最大荷載法法進行活載的加載。進行了梁的配筋計算，估算了鋼絞線的各種預應(yīng)力損失，并進行預應(yīng)力階段和使用階段主梁截面的強度和變形驗算、錨固區(qū)局部強度驗算和撓度的計算。下部結(jié)構(gòu)采用以鉆孔灌注樁為基礎(chǔ)的雙墩柱，采用盆式橡膠支座，并分別對橋墩和樁基礎(chǔ)進行了計算和驗算。
本設(shè)計全部設(shè)計圖紙采用計算機輔助設(shè)計繪制，計算機編檔、排版，打印出圖及論文。還有，翻譯了一篇英文短文“Reliability analysis”。
關(guān)鍵詞：預應(yīng)力混凝土、簡支梁橋、鉆孔灌注樁、錐形錨具、AutoCAD。
Abstract
     This is a partial struct design of a flyover crossing that is over the railway in Gaokan—Shangguanbo, according to designing assignment and the standard of road and bridge. For the purpose of make the type of the bridge corresponding with the ambience and cost saving, this paper provides two different types of bridge for selection: the first one is pre-stressed concrete continuous bridge; the second one is double cantilever half through no-thrust arch bridge. After the comparisons of economy, appearance, characteristic under the strength and effect, the first one is selected.
     In this design, The checking calculation of strength of main girder was preceded not only in prestressed statement but also in using statement, deflection,precamber and the assessment of reinforcing steel bar were checked too.                    
The pier of the bridge was basing on digging pile, and adopted rubber pot bearing. According to the characteristic of the overpass bridge and spot condition, it adopted the method that the cantilever job placing combined with bracket job placing.
All of the design drawings were protracted by AutoCAD. Except that the thesis called A note on dynamic fracture of the bridge bearing due to the great Hanshin–Awaji earthquake was translated into Chinese, and made a report on.
Keywords: prestressed concrete、AutoCAD、simple supported beam bridge、cast-in-place pile、cone anchorage device。

                         目錄

第一部分  橋梁設(shè)計 1
第一章  水文計算 1
1.1原始資料 1
1.2 水文計算 3
第二章 方案比選 6
2.1 方案一：預應(yīng)力鋼筋混凝土簡支梁（錐型錨具） 6
2.2方案二：鋼筋混凝土箱形拱橋 10
第三章 總體布置及主梁的設(shè)計 11
3.1設(shè)計資料及構(gòu)造布置 11
3.2主梁內(nèi)力計算 12
第四章  預應(yīng)力鋼束的估算及其布置 21
4.1跨中截面鋼束的估算與確定 21
4.2鋼束預應(yīng)力損失計算 25
4.3截面強度驗算 28
4.4預加內(nèi)力計算 34
4.5主梁斜截面驗算 35
4.6截面應(yīng)力驗算 41
4.7主梁端部的局部承壓驗算 46
第五章  下部結(jié)構(gòu)的計算 51
5.1蓋梁的計算 51
5.2橋墩墩柱計算 58
5.3鉆孔灌注樁的設(shè)計計算 60
第二部分 英文翻譯 63
Reliability analysis : 63
可靠性分析 70
結(jié)束語 74