一篇財務風險的外文翻譯 格式正規(guī) 內(nèi)容全面


What Is Financial Risk Management?（什么是財務風險？）

　　　By: Karen A. Horcher. Process value analysis: What Is Financial Risk Management? 2005, Vol. 6 Issue 3, P1-22
　　　What Is Risk? Risk provides the basis for opportunity. The terms risk and exposure have subtle differences in their meaning. Risk refers to the probability of loss, while exposure is the possibility of loss, although they are often used interchangeably. Risk arises as a result of exposure. Exposure to financial markets affects most organizations, either directly or indirectly. When an organization has financial market exposure, there is a possibility of loss but also an opportunity for gain or profit. Financial market exposure may provide strategic or competitive benefits. Risk is the likelihood of losses resulting from events such as changes in market prices. Events with a low probability of occurring, but that may result in a high loss, are particularly troublesome because they are often not anticipated. Put another way, risk is the probable variability of returns. Since it is not always possible or desirable to eliminate risk, understanding it is an important step in determining how to manage it. Identifying exposures and risks forms the basis for an appropriate financial risk management strategy.
　　　How Does Financial Risk? Financial risk arises through countless transactions of a financial nature, including sales and purchases, investments and loans, and various other business activities. It can arise as a result of legal transactions, new projects, mergers and acquisitions, debt financing, the energy component of costs, or through the activities of management, stakeholders, competitors, foreign governments, or weather. When financial prices change dramatically, it can increase costs, reduce revenues, or otherwise adversely impact the profitability of an organization. Financial fluctuations may make it more difficult to plan and budget, price goods and services, and allocate capital.
　　　There are three main sources of financial risk: 1. Financial risks arising from an organization’s exposure to changes in market prices, such as interest rates, exchange rates, and commodity prices. 2. Financial risks arising from the actions of, and transactions with, other organizations such as vendors, customers, and counterparties in derivatives transactions 3. Financial risks resulting from internal actions or failures of the organization, particularly people, processes, and systems.

什么是財務風險管理？

　　　什么是風險？風險給機會提供了基礎。風險和暴露的條款讓它們在含義上有了細微的差別。風險是指有損失的可能性，而暴露是可能的損失，盡管他們通?？梢曰Q。風險起因是由于暴露。金融市場的暴露影響大多數(shù)機構，包括直接或間接的影響。當一個組織的金融市場暴露，有損失的可能性，但也是一個獲利或利潤的機會。金融市場的暴露可以提供戰(zhàn)略性或競爭性的利益。風險損失的可能性事件來自如市場價格的變化。事件發(fā)生的可能性很小，但這可能導致?lián)p失率很高，特別麻煩，因為他們往往比預想的要嚴重得多。換句話說，可能就是變異的風險回報。由于它并不總是可能的，或者能滿意地把風險消除，在決定如何管理它中了解它是很重要的一步。識別暴露和風險形式的基礎需要相應的財務風險管理策略。
　　　財務風險是如何產(chǎn)生的呢？無數(shù)金融性質(zhì)的交易包括銷售和采購，投資和貸款，以及其他各種業(yè)務活動，產(chǎn)生了財務風險。它可以出現(xiàn)在合法的交易中，新項目中，兼并和收購中，債務融資中，能源部分的成本中，或通過管理的活動，利益相關者，競爭者，外國政府或天氣出現(xiàn)。當金融的價格變化很大，它可以增加成本，降低財政收入，或影響其他有不利影響的盈利能力的組織。金融波動可能使人們難以規(guī)劃和預算商品和服務的價格，并分配資金。
有三種金融風險的主要來源：1、金融風險起因于組織所暴露出來的市場價格的變化，如利率、匯率、和大宗 商品價格。2、引起金融風險的行為有與其他組織的交易如供應商、客戶，和對方在金融衍 生產(chǎn)品中的交易。3、由于內(nèi)部行動或失敗的組織，特別是人、過程和系統(tǒng)所造成的金融風險。