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摘要

在故障診斷中的性能故障排除任務(wù)通常是在不同工業(yè)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用研究。在以前進(jìn)行了幾個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的研究中了解過(guò)程接口的能力，以協(xié)助當(dāng)?shù)氐墓收显\斷和疑難排解，同時(shí)考慮到接口影響，故障性質(zhì)和專業(yè)知識(shí)的疑難解答。雖然有幾個(gè)遠(yuǎn)程診斷架構(gòu)已經(jīng)提出和已經(jīng)制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)遠(yuǎn)程診斷的水平，在何種程度上的遠(yuǎn)程診斷體系結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)，可以幫助在診斷和遠(yuǎn)程故障診斷的影響因素性能沒(méi)有被頻繁的問(wèn)題的疑難解答?！氨疚牡哪康氖橇私庥绊戇h(yuǎn)程故障診斷的性能的因素，包括遠(yuǎn)程診斷架構(gòu)，故障類型，層次的專業(yè)知識(shí)，遠(yuǎn)程疑難解答，當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)營(yíng)商和技術(shù)水平。實(shí)驗(yàn)是在其中進(jìn)行故障排除，使用三個(gè)層次的遠(yuǎn)程診斷體系結(jié)構(gòu)診斷不同類型的故障，在可編程邏輯控制器根據(jù)離散自動(dòng)化裝配系統(tǒng)，同時(shí)加入當(dāng)?shù)毓こ處熀托率竹{駛員。結(jié)果表明，故障是因?yàn)闇y(cè)量或監(jiān)測(cè)相關(guān)的診斷遠(yuǎn)程專家故障排除工具的問(wèn)題，遠(yuǎn)程系統(tǒng)變量故障排除性能的提升能增加遠(yuǎn)程診斷體系結(jié)構(gòu)的水平。與此相反，新手疑難排解，與這些故障的診斷有顯著差異，在遠(yuǎn)程故障診斷性能方面觀察三者之間的架構(gòu)，對(duì)新手疑難排解遇到的一些問(wèn)題與管理提供更多的信息。專家們展現(xiàn)出更好的信息收集能力，他們花了更多的時(shí)間在每個(gè)信息源，完成來(lái)自較少的轉(zhuǎn)換之間的信息故障診斷。監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)參數(shù)無(wú)關(guān)故障導(dǎo)致顯著減少了遠(yuǎn)程故障診斷性能，與所有三個(gè)架構(gòu)比較，相關(guān)的監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)參數(shù)故障為專家和新手排解疑難問(wèn)題。工程師和新手之間的性能故障排除的遠(yuǎn)程整體差異運(yùn)營(yíng)商并沒(méi)有明顯發(fā)現(xiàn)。

關(guān)鍵詞：遠(yuǎn)程診斷 控制架構(gòu) 遠(yuǎn)程維護(hù) 故障排除 可編程邏輯控制器 第二階段圖


Abstract
Troubleshooting performance in fault diagnosis tasks is commonly studied in various industrial applications. Several experiments were performed in previous studies to understand the ability of process interfaces to assist troubleshooters in local fault diagnosis while considering the effect of interface, nature of the failure, and the expertise of the troubleshooter. Although several remote diagnosis architectures have been proposed and standards have been developed for levels of remote diagnosis, the extent to which the design of a remote diagnosis architecture can assist a troubleshooter in diagnosis and the factors affecting remote troubleshooting performance have not been frequently addressed. The objective of this paper is to understand the factors that impact remote troubleshooting performance, including remote diagnosis architecture, type of failure, level of expertise of the remote troubleshooter, and skill level of the local operator. Experiments were performed in which troubleshooters used three levels of remote diagnosis architectures to diagnose different types of failures in a programmable logic controller based discrete automated assembly system while working with local engineer and novice operators. The results suggest that for diagnosis of failures related to measured or monitored system variables by remote expert troubleshooters, remote troubleshooting performance improved with the increase in the levels of the remote diagnosis architectures. In contrast, in diagnosis of these failures by novice troubleshooters, no significant difference was observed between the three architectures in terms of remote troubleshooting performance, and the novice troubleshooters experienced problems with managing the increased information available. The experts exhibited better information gathering capabilities in that they spent more time per information source and made fewer transitions between information sources while diagnosing failures. Failures unrelated to monitored system parameters resulted in significantly reduced remote troubleshooting performance with all three architectures in comparison to the failures related to monitored system parameters for both expert and novice troubleshooters. The difference in terms of overall remote troubleshooting performance between engineer and novice operators was not found to be significant.

Keywords：Remote diagnosis; Control architecture; Tele-maintenance; Troubleshooting; Programmable Logic Controller; Stage diagram