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小型立式加工中心換刀機(jī)械手設(shè)計(jì).rar

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小型立式加工中心換刀機(jī)械手設(shè)計(jì),                   摘 要本論文介紹的是小型立式加工中心換刀機(jī)械手的設(shè)計(jì)。機(jī)械手的種類很多,在本次設(shè)計(jì)中機(jī)械手選用回轉(zhuǎn)式雙臂機(jī)械手。它的主要動作是將機(jī)床主軸上的刀具與刀庫或刀具傳送裝置上的刀具進(jìn)行交換,其動作循環(huán)為:拔刀─新舊刀具交換─裝刀?;剞D(zhuǎn)式雙臂機(jī)械手刀具交換裝置...
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分類: 論文>機(jī)械工業(yè)論文

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原文檔由會員 小妖時空 發(fā)布

小型立式加工中心換刀機(jī)械手設(shè)計(jì)

                   摘 要
本論文介紹的是小型立式加工中心換刀機(jī)械手的設(shè)計(jì)。機(jī)械手的種類很多,在本次設(shè)計(jì)中機(jī)械手選用回轉(zhuǎn)式雙臂機(jī)械手。它的主要動作是將機(jī)床主軸上的刀具與刀庫或刀具傳送裝置上的刀具進(jìn)行交換,其動作循環(huán)為:拔刀─新舊刀具交換─裝刀?;剞D(zhuǎn)式雙臂機(jī)械手刀具交換裝置具有換刀時間短、動作靈活可靠等.應(yīng)用最為廣泛。數(shù)控系統(tǒng)是加工中心的控制中心,它主要由(CNC)、可編程控制系統(tǒng)(PLC)、伺服系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成。本次設(shè)計(jì)是運(yùn)用可編程控制系統(tǒng)來對換刀機(jī)械手進(jìn)行控制的。本次設(shè)計(jì)還涉及立式加工中心盤式刀庫的傳動設(shè)計(jì)、和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。這種刀庫在數(shù)控加工中心上應(yīng)用廣泛,換刀過程簡單,換刀時間短,定位精度高;總體結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、緊湊,動作準(zhǔn)確可靠。本刀庫減速傳動部分采用蝸輪蝸桿減速裝置,此種設(shè)計(jì)方案可提高輸出軸的傳動平穩(wěn)性能,即提高刀盤的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)性。本刀庫裝刀16把,采用單環(huán)排列放置的方式放置,按就近選倒原則選刀。
  關(guān)鍵詞: 加工中心,換刀機(jī)械手,刀庫,PLC 
   
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   

ABSTRACT
   This paper introduces the design of automatic tool change devices of small vertical processing centre.There are many kinds of manipulators,and rotary-arm manipulator is what we chose for this design,which miracle is:drawing out-changing-slotting.The tool change device of rotary-arm manipulator is quick to change tools,flexible to move,and most popular.Numerical control system is the control centre of processing centre,which includes CNC、PLC、and servo system.The design controls the manipulator according to PLC,and includes the transmission system and the structure of small vertical processing disc tool storage,which is wide to use,easy to change,past the change,and has high positioning accuracy ,simple structure,accurate movement in numerical processing centre. We choose worm gear and worm reducer working as the deceleration transmission part of the the tool storage.The design can improve the stable performance of the output shaft.The tool storage can take 16 peices of tools in monocyclic arrangement as close as possible.
Key words: machining center, tool changing-manipulator, tool storage, programmable control (PLC)  

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   

目  錄
第1章 緒論-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
  1.1加工中心的定義-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
  1.2 加工中心--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
  1.3 加工中心國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展--------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
第2章 加工中心自動換刀裝置概述------------------------------------------------------------------3
  2.1換刀機(jī)械手的類型-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
  2.2刀庫的類型------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
  2.3換刀過程---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
第3章 刀庫的設(shè)計(jì)及計(jì)算結(jié)論--------------------------------------------------------------------------5
  3.1確定刀庫的容量和形式------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
  3.2初步估算刀庫驅(qū)動轉(zhuǎn)矩及選定電機(jī)-------------------------------------------------------------------5
  3.3分配傳動比------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6
  3.4刀庫傳動機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7
  3.5傳動軸的設(shè)計(jì)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9
  3.6軸徑的設(shè)計(jì)與校核------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12
  3.7軸承的校核----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13
  3.8刀盤與刀套的設(shè)計(jì)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14
第4章 刀庫液壓傳動的設(shè)計(jì)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------15
  4.1液壓缸的載荷組成和計(jì)算-------------------------------------------------------------------------------15
  4.2液壓缸內(nèi)徑以及其它尺寸的確定---------------------------------------------------------------------15
  4.3計(jì)算液壓缸的主要結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸----------------------------------------------------------------------------15
  4.4油缸壁厚的計(jì)算---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16
  4.5缸底厚度的計(jì)算---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17
  4.6油缸長度的確定---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17
第5章 換刀機(jī)械手部的設(shè)計(jì)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------18
  5.1機(jī)械手手臂和手爪的設(shè)計(jì)------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18
  5.2彈簧的選擇與設(shè)計(jì)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------22
  5.3手爪的整體尺寸設(shè)計(jì)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23
第6章 機(jī)械手液壓傳動系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)-----------------------------------------------------------------24
  6.1液壓缸的設(shè)計(jì)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------24
  6.2液壓回轉(zhuǎn)缸的設(shè)計(jì)------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------28
第7章 花鍵軸的設(shè)計(jì)及液壓缸中軸承的選-----------------------------------------------------32
  7.1花鍵軸的計(jì)算-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32
  7.2軸承的選擇----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------34
  7.3升降缸中(液壓缸及活塞桿工作)密封元件-------------------------------------------------------35
第8章 機(jī)械手液壓控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)---------------------------------------------------------------------36
  8.1擬定液壓系統(tǒng)原理圖--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------36
  8.2分析換刀機(jī)械手液壓工作狀態(tài)-------------------------------------------------------------------------37
  8.3計(jì)算和選擇液壓元件-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39
第9章 機(jī)械手電氣控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)---------------------------------------------------------------------41
  9.1電氣系統(tǒng)工作原理---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -41
第10章 結(jié)論------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------43
參考文獻(xiàn)--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------44
致謝----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------45