沖壓是通過模具使板材產(chǎn)生塑性變形而獲得成品零件的一種成形工藝方法。由于沖壓通常在冷態(tài)下進(jìn)行，因此也稱冷沖壓。只有當(dāng)板材厚度超過8～100mm時(shí)，才采用熱沖壓。沖壓加工的原材料_二般為板材或帶材，故也稱板材沖壓。某些非金屬板材(如膠木板、云母片、石棉、皮革等)亦可采用沖壓成形工藝進(jìn)行加工。
沖壓廣泛應(yīng)用于金屬制品各行業(yè)中，尤其在汽車、儀表、軍工、家用電器等工業(yè)中占有極其重要的地位。
沖壓成形需研究工藝、設(shè)備和模具三類基本問題。
板材沖壓具有下列特點(diǎn)：
(1)材料利用率高。

Stamping is a kind of plastic forming process in which a part is produced by means of the plastic forming of the material under the action of a die．Stamping is usually carried out under cold state,so it is also called cold stamping.Heat stamping is used only when the blank thickness is greater than 8～1 00mm.The blank material for stamping is usually in the from sheet or strip,and therefore it is also called sheet metal forming.Some non—metal sheets(such as plywood,mica sheet,asbestos,leather)can also be formed by stamping.
Stamping is widely used in various of the metalworking industry, and it plays a crucial role in the industries for manufacturing automobiles, instruments,military parts and household electrical appliances,etc.
The process，equipment and die are the three foundational problems that needed t0 be
studied in stamping.
The characteristics of the sheet metal forming are as follows:
(1)High material utilization.