“詩言志”新釋

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目 錄
一、“詩言志”觀念探源 6
（一）“詩言志”產(chǎn)生于堯舜時期 6
（二）“詩言志”產(chǎn)生于春秋戰(zhàn)國時期 7
（三）“詩言志“產(chǎn)生于秦漢時期 7
二、“詩言志”觀念的嬗變 8
（一）上古時期與原始巫術、宗教活動緊密關聯(lián) 8
（二）先秦時期與詩教密切相關 9
1.獻詩陳志 9
2.賦詩言志 10
3.教詩明志 10
4.作詩言志 11
（三）秦漢時期達到政教、倫理的高峰 12
（四）魏晉時期“詩緣情”對審美趣味的強調(diào) 12
三、“詩言志”的本質(zhì)內(nèi)涵 14
（一）以樂教為中心的時代 14
（二）“詩言志”本質(zhì)內(nèi)涵新釋 14
結(jié)論 15
致謝 17
參考文獻： 18


摘要 “詩言志”是中國古代儒家詩學理論“開山的綱領”，其最早的文本來源是《尚書·堯典》。關于“詩言志”這一觀念的形成時間，學界莫衷一是，有人認為產(chǎn)生自堯舜時期，有人認為產(chǎn)生于春秋戰(zhàn)國時期，也有人認為不會早于秦漢之際。而“詩言志”中“志”的內(nèi)容在不同的歷史時期也有不同的指向，上古時期與原始巫術、宗教緊密結(jié)合在一起，是巫?？谥械淖６\之辭；先秦時期始與儒家結(jié)合，意指“溫柔敦厚”的詩教；秦漢時期儒家將“志”的功利內(nèi)涵發(fā)揮到頂峰，指向政治教化；魏晉時期，經(jīng)學衰微，文士沖破儒家倫理教化的桎梏，強調(diào)詩歌的審美趣味，最終提出了“詩緣情”的觀點。“詩言志”命題在各個時代歷經(jīng)洗禮，產(chǎn)生了各種不同的理論，但是有兩條線索貫穿始終，那就是“詩言情”和“詩言政教”。在考察“詩言志”的產(chǎn)生時代和嬗變過程之后，無疑“詩言情”更加符合詩作為一種文學體裁的本質(zhì)內(nèi)涵。

關鍵詞：詩言志 產(chǎn)生時間 涵義嬗變 本質(zhì)內(nèi)涵


New interpretation of "poems expressing wills"
Abstract " Poems expressing wills " is the ancient Chinese Confucian poetics theory " mountains of the program", the source of its earliest text is " Book·Yaodian ". "About" Poems expressing wills " the idea of the formation time , scholars varies, some people think that it arose from Yao and Shun period , others think it was produced in the Spring and Autumn Period, some people do not think it would be early in the Qin and Han Dynasties . And its content " Chi" have different points in different historical periods , in ancient times the original witchcraft, religion closely together, the prayers of speech Wu Zhu’s mouth ; the pre-Qin Dynasty Confucian combination, means "gentle" to teach poetry ; Qin and Han Dynasty the Confucian "Chi" utilitarian connotation play to the summit, pointing to political indoctrination ; Wei and Jin Dynasties, the decline of classical studies, the scribes to break the shackles of Confucian ethics enlightenment, emphasizing aesthetic poetry, finally proposed a "Poem expressing emotion" point of view. "Poems expressing wills " proposition is changing at all times, resulting in a variety of different theories, but there are two clues throughouting it , that is, " Poem expressing emotion " and " Poem expressing politics." After the investigation poem’s generation times and transmutation process, it is no doubt that " Poem expressing emotion " is more in line with poetry as a literary genre of the essential connotation.

Key words poems expressing wills generation time meaning transmutation Essential connotation