顫蚓對沉積物中de83釋放的影響研究(完整全套).rar
顫蚓對沉積物中de83釋放的影響研究(完整全套),顫蚓對沉積物中de83釋放的影響研究(完整全套)impact of tubificids (tubifex) on the release of sediment-associated de 83本套完整資料共包括開題報告，畢業(yè)論文，畢業(yè)答辯ppt稿，英文文獻原文，英文文獻翻譯，學年論文共6個部分摘要 本文主要通過模擬...
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顫蚓對沉積物中DE83釋放的影響研究(完整全套)
Impact of Tubificids (Tubifex) on the release of sediment-associated DE 83
本套完整資料共包括開題報告，畢業(yè)論文，畢業(yè)答辯PPT稿，英文文獻原文，英文文獻翻譯，學年論文共6個部分
摘 要
本文主要通過模擬實驗來研究顫蚓對沉積物中多溴聯(lián)苯醚釋放的影響，即在養(yǎng)殖錦鯉魚的魚缸中鋪設(shè)底泥，并在一組魚缸的底泥中投入顫蚓，另一組魚缸的底泥中不投入顫蚓，通過定期測試進鯉魚體內(nèi)多溴聯(lián)苯醚含量來分析討論問題。并且在實驗過程中對各注入渤海的河流沉積物中多溴聯(lián)苯醚進行簡單調(diào)查研究，對其污染水平和分布特點進行初步探索。本實驗結(jié)果如下：
（1）有顫蚓組別錦鯉魚體內(nèi)的多溴聯(lián)苯醚含量明顯高于無顫蚓組別錦鯉魚體內(nèi)的多溴聯(lián)苯醚含量，說明顫蚓會使底泥沉積物中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚釋放出來，并在錦鯽魚體內(nèi)富集。
（2）在實驗的20天時間里，錦鯽魚體內(nèi)ΣPBDEs增長的凈含量為606.60ng/g (脂肪)。含量最高的多溴聯(lián)苯醚同系物為BDE-47，增長的凈含量為334..99ng/g (脂肪)，占ΣPBDEs比例近似55.22%。其次是BDE-154、-100，增長凈含量分別為72.73,40.94ng/g(脂肪)。
（3）低溴聯(lián)苯醚BDE-28、-47、-100、-154易在錦鯉魚體內(nèi)富集，高溴聯(lián)苯醚不易富集或易在錦鯉魚體內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)化為低溴聯(lián)苯醚。
（4）大沽排污河是本次調(diào)查研究的各入海河流沉積物中多溴聯(lián)苯醚含量最高的河流，獨流減河和北排河沉積物中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚的含量次之，但污染水平并沒有超過我國其他河流。
（5）永定新河口、獨流減河萬家碼頭大橋、唐津高速橋下、永和大橋、子牙新河、青靜黃擋潮閘等處沉積物中的PBDEs含量都較低，與日本報道的海洋沉積物低水平相當。
關(guān)鍵詞：多溴聯(lián)苯醚； 顫蚓； 錦鯉魚； 沉積物
ABSTRACT
In this paper,mainly through simulation experiments to study the impact of tubificids on the realese of sediments-associated the polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs).That's brocade carps in a aquarium having the sediment and the sediment in one group of aquarium being input tubificids, another group of aquarium do not put tubificids in sediment, through regular testing the contents of PBDEs in the brocade carps to discuss the questions of PBDEs.And during the experiments course ,we also observed the contents of PBDEs in the sediment of rivers into the Bohai Sea,and its pollution levels and distribution were also investigated.
(1).The group that the sediment with tubificids brocade carps' PBDEs contents obvious higher than no tubificids group, that's explain the tubificids may use the PBDEs in the sediment to release out and enrich in the brocade carps.
(2).The increasing net contents of ΣPBDEs in brocade carps is 606.60 ng/g (lipid)within 20 days time of experiment.The highest contents of the congeners is BDE-47and the increasing net contents is 334.99 ng/g (lipid), proportion in ΣPBDEs is nearly 55.22%. The secondary is BDE-154, -100, being 72.73 , 40.94 ng/g (lipid) respectively.
(3).Low bromine biphenyl ether BDE-28, -47, -100, -154 are easy to enrich in brocade carps, but high bromine biphenyl ethers are difficult to concentration or they are easy to transformate to low bromine biphenyl ether in the brocade carps.
(4).The contents of PBDEs in the sediment of the Da Gu drain contamination river is the highest of all the rivers' of we investegate ,secondary is Du Liu Jian river and Bei Pai river', but contaminate level do not exceed our country's other rivers.
(5).The content of PBDEs in the sediments of Yong Ding Xin river, Du Liu Jan Wan Jia Ma Tou bridge, high-speed bridge of Tangjin, Yong He bridge, Zi Ya Xin river, Qing Jing Hang Dang Chao Fa PBDEs is low, comparatively around to the level that Japan reports.
Key words: polybrominated diphenyl ethers; tubificids; Brocade carp; sediment
目 錄
1.前言 ……………………………………………………………… 1
1.1 多溴聯(lián)苯醚的結(jié)構(gòu)及性質(zhì) …………………………………… 1
1.2 多溴聯(lián)苯醚的環(huán)境行為 ……………………………………… 3
1.3 空氣中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚 ………………………………………… 4
1.4 水和沉積物中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚 ………………………………… 6
1.5 生物體中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚 ……………………………………… 6
1.6 人體中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚 ………………………………………… 7
1.7 選題依據(jù)及意義 ……………………………………………… 7
2.注入渤海各河流沉積物中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚 ……………………… 9
2.1 材料與方法 …………………………………………………… 9
2.2 實驗結(jié)果 ………………………………………………………10
2.3 分析討論 ………………………………………………………12
2.4 結(jié)論 ……………………………………………………………15
3.生物體中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚………………………………………t…16
3.1 研究內(nèi)容 ………………………………………………………16
3.2 材料與方法 ……………………………………………………16
3.3 實驗結(jié)果 ………………………………………………………17
3.4 分析討論 ………………………………………………………22
3.5 結(jié)論 ……………………………………………………………27
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………28
致謝 …………………………………………………………………31
參考文獻
[1] Alaee M,，Arias P，Sjodin A，et al. An overview of commercially used brominated flame retardants，their applications，their use patterns in different countries/regions and possible modes of release [J]. Environment International，2003，29(6):683-689.
[2] Bocio A，Llobet J M， Domingo J L，et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in foodstuffs: human exposure through the diet [J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry， 2003，51(10):3191-3195.
[3] Geneva, Switzerland, Sjöin A, et al.Gas chromatographic identification and quantification of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in a commercial product.. Journal of Chromatography A, 1998, 822(1): 83-89.
[4] Brominated diphenyloxides as flame retardants, Bromine based chemicals. Consultants report to the OECD：Paris,France, 1992: p. 4.
[5] Soderstrom G, Sellstrom U, De Wit CA, et al.Photolytic debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE 209)[J].Environ ent Technology, 2004, 38: 127- 132.
[6] Hassanin，BreivikK，Meijer.N.，PBDEs in EuroPean baekgroud 50115: Levels and factors controlling their distribution[J].Environ.Sei.Teehnol，2004，38:738-745.
[7] WaniaF，DuganiC.B.Assessing the long transPort Potential of Polybrominated diphenylethers:A comparison of four multimedia models [J]. Environ.Toxieol.Chem，2003，22:125-126.
[8] PalmA，Cousins1 T，Maekay D，Assessing the environmental fate of chemieal sofe merging concern : aease study of the Polybrominated diPhenylethers[J].Environent Pollute，2002，117:195-213.
[9] Robert,Ann Y.Studies on brominated chemicals in the environment[J]. Environment science ,1979，32: 678- 681.
[10] Hyo-Bang Moon，Kurunthachalam Kannan，Su-Jeong Lee，et al. Atmospheric deposition of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in coastal areas in Korea. Chemosphere，2007，66：585-593.
[11] 肖丹輝.大氣顆粒物對多溴聯(lián)苯醚遷移的影響，天津，南開大學，碩士論文,2009.
[12] 陳來國，麥碧嫻，許振成,等.廣州市夏季大氣中多氯聯(lián)苯和多溴聯(lián)苯醚的含量及組成對比. 環(huán)境科學學報，2008，28（1）：150-159.
[13] Luckey，Capone F，Alleva E et al. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers: (PBDE) flame retardants [J]. Science of the Total Environment，2003，24(3):449-462.
[14] Tomy,Robert Hale. Evidence of Debromination of Decabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-209) in Biota from a Wastewater Receiving Stream[J]. environment science & technology，2007，19(8) :6663-6670.
[15] Schaefer EC，Everts J，De Boer J，et al. Polybrominated biphenyl and occurrence [J]. Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology，1995，25(6):141-151.
[16] 楊永亮，潘靜，李悅，等.青島近岸沉積物中持久性有機污染物多氯蔡和多澳聯(lián)苯醚[J]. 化學通報 (Chinese Science，Bulletin)，2003，21(48):2244-2251.
[17] 陳社軍，麥碧嫻，曾永平，等.珠江三角洲及南海北部海域表層沉積物中多澳聯(lián)苯醚的分布特征[J].環(huán)境科學學報，2005，25(9):1265-1271.
[18] Liu Y，Zheng G J，Yu H，et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers insedimentsan Musseltissues from HongKong marine waters. Marine Pollution Bulletin，2005，50：1178-1180.
[19] Eljarrt, Kurunthachalam Kannan, David P Rapaport, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in human adipose tissue from New York[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2005, 39: 5177- 5182.
Impact of Tubificids (Tubifex) on the release of sediment-associated DE 83
本套完整資料共包括開題報告，畢業(yè)論文，畢業(yè)答辯PPT稿，英文文獻原文，英文文獻翻譯，學年論文共6個部分
摘 要
本文主要通過模擬實驗來研究顫蚓對沉積物中多溴聯(lián)苯醚釋放的影響，即在養(yǎng)殖錦鯉魚的魚缸中鋪設(shè)底泥，并在一組魚缸的底泥中投入顫蚓，另一組魚缸的底泥中不投入顫蚓，通過定期測試進鯉魚體內(nèi)多溴聯(lián)苯醚含量來分析討論問題。并且在實驗過程中對各注入渤海的河流沉積物中多溴聯(lián)苯醚進行簡單調(diào)查研究，對其污染水平和分布特點進行初步探索。本實驗結(jié)果如下：
（1）有顫蚓組別錦鯉魚體內(nèi)的多溴聯(lián)苯醚含量明顯高于無顫蚓組別錦鯉魚體內(nèi)的多溴聯(lián)苯醚含量，說明顫蚓會使底泥沉積物中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚釋放出來，并在錦鯽魚體內(nèi)富集。
（2）在實驗的20天時間里，錦鯽魚體內(nèi)ΣPBDEs增長的凈含量為606.60ng/g (脂肪)。含量最高的多溴聯(lián)苯醚同系物為BDE-47，增長的凈含量為334..99ng/g (脂肪)，占ΣPBDEs比例近似55.22%。其次是BDE-154、-100，增長凈含量分別為72.73,40.94ng/g(脂肪)。
（3）低溴聯(lián)苯醚BDE-28、-47、-100、-154易在錦鯉魚體內(nèi)富集，高溴聯(lián)苯醚不易富集或易在錦鯉魚體內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)化為低溴聯(lián)苯醚。
（4）大沽排污河是本次調(diào)查研究的各入海河流沉積物中多溴聯(lián)苯醚含量最高的河流，獨流減河和北排河沉積物中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚的含量次之，但污染水平并沒有超過我國其他河流。
（5）永定新河口、獨流減河萬家碼頭大橋、唐津高速橋下、永和大橋、子牙新河、青靜黃擋潮閘等處沉積物中的PBDEs含量都較低，與日本報道的海洋沉積物低水平相當。
關(guān)鍵詞：多溴聯(lián)苯醚； 顫蚓； 錦鯉魚； 沉積物
ABSTRACT
In this paper,mainly through simulation experiments to study the impact of tubificids on the realese of sediments-associated the polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs).That's brocade carps in a aquarium having the sediment and the sediment in one group of aquarium being input tubificids, another group of aquarium do not put tubificids in sediment, through regular testing the contents of PBDEs in the brocade carps to discuss the questions of PBDEs.And during the experiments course ,we also observed the contents of PBDEs in the sediment of rivers into the Bohai Sea,and its pollution levels and distribution were also investigated.
(1).The group that the sediment with tubificids brocade carps' PBDEs contents obvious higher than no tubificids group, that's explain the tubificids may use the PBDEs in the sediment to release out and enrich in the brocade carps.
(2).The increasing net contents of ΣPBDEs in brocade carps is 606.60 ng/g (lipid)within 20 days time of experiment.The highest contents of the congeners is BDE-47and the increasing net contents is 334.99 ng/g (lipid), proportion in ΣPBDEs is nearly 55.22%. The secondary is BDE-154, -100, being 72.73 , 40.94 ng/g (lipid) respectively.
(3).Low bromine biphenyl ether BDE-28, -47, -100, -154 are easy to enrich in brocade carps, but high bromine biphenyl ethers are difficult to concentration or they are easy to transformate to low bromine biphenyl ether in the brocade carps.
(4).The contents of PBDEs in the sediment of the Da Gu drain contamination river is the highest of all the rivers' of we investegate ,secondary is Du Liu Jian river and Bei Pai river', but contaminate level do not exceed our country's other rivers.
(5).The content of PBDEs in the sediments of Yong Ding Xin river, Du Liu Jan Wan Jia Ma Tou bridge, high-speed bridge of Tangjin, Yong He bridge, Zi Ya Xin river, Qing Jing Hang Dang Chao Fa PBDEs is low, comparatively around to the level that Japan reports.
Key words: polybrominated diphenyl ethers; tubificids; Brocade carp; sediment
目 錄
1.前言 ……………………………………………………………… 1
1.1 多溴聯(lián)苯醚的結(jié)構(gòu)及性質(zhì) …………………………………… 1
1.2 多溴聯(lián)苯醚的環(huán)境行為 ……………………………………… 3
1.3 空氣中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚 ………………………………………… 4
1.4 水和沉積物中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚 ………………………………… 6
1.5 生物體中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚 ……………………………………… 6
1.6 人體中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚 ………………………………………… 7
1.7 選題依據(jù)及意義 ……………………………………………… 7
2.注入渤海各河流沉積物中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚 ……………………… 9
2.1 材料與方法 …………………………………………………… 9
2.2 實驗結(jié)果 ………………………………………………………10
2.3 分析討論 ………………………………………………………12
2.4 結(jié)論 ……………………………………………………………15
3.生物體中的多溴聯(lián)苯醚………………………………………t…16
3.1 研究內(nèi)容 ………………………………………………………16
3.2 材料與方法 ……………………………………………………16
3.3 實驗結(jié)果 ………………………………………………………17
3.4 分析討論 ………………………………………………………22
3.5 結(jié)論 ……………………………………………………………27
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………28
致謝 …………………………………………………………………31
參考文獻
[1] Alaee M,，Arias P，Sjodin A，et al. An overview of commercially used brominated flame retardants，their applications，their use patterns in different countries/regions and possible modes of release [J]. Environment International，2003，29(6):683-689.
[2] Bocio A，Llobet J M， Domingo J L，et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in foodstuffs: human exposure through the diet [J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry， 2003，51(10):3191-3195.
[3] Geneva, Switzerland, Sjöin A, et al.Gas chromatographic identification and quantification of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in a commercial product.. Journal of Chromatography A, 1998, 822(1): 83-89.
[4] Brominated diphenyloxides as flame retardants, Bromine based chemicals. Consultants report to the OECD：Paris,France, 1992: p. 4.
[5] Soderstrom G, Sellstrom U, De Wit CA, et al.Photolytic debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE 209)[J].Environ ent Technology, 2004, 38: 127- 132.
[6] Hassanin，BreivikK，Meijer.N.，PBDEs in EuroPean baekgroud 50115: Levels and factors controlling their distribution[J].Environ.Sei.Teehnol，2004，38:738-745.
[7] WaniaF，DuganiC.B.Assessing the long transPort Potential of Polybrominated diphenylethers:A comparison of four multimedia models [J]. Environ.Toxieol.Chem，2003，22:125-126.
[8] PalmA，Cousins1 T，Maekay D，Assessing the environmental fate of chemieal sofe merging concern : aease study of the Polybrominated diPhenylethers[J].Environent Pollute，2002，117:195-213.
[9] Robert,Ann Y.Studies on brominated chemicals in the environment[J]. Environment science ,1979，32: 678- 681.
[10] Hyo-Bang Moon，Kurunthachalam Kannan，Su-Jeong Lee，et al. Atmospheric deposition of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in coastal areas in Korea. Chemosphere，2007，66：585-593.
[11] 肖丹輝.大氣顆粒物對多溴聯(lián)苯醚遷移的影響，天津，南開大學，碩士論文,2009.
[12] 陳來國，麥碧嫻，許振成,等.廣州市夏季大氣中多氯聯(lián)苯和多溴聯(lián)苯醚的含量及組成對比. 環(huán)境科學學報，2008，28（1）：150-159.
[13] Luckey，Capone F，Alleva E et al. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers: (PBDE) flame retardants [J]. Science of the Total Environment，2003，24(3):449-462.
[14] Tomy,Robert Hale. Evidence of Debromination of Decabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-209) in Biota from a Wastewater Receiving Stream[J]. environment science & technology，2007，19(8) :6663-6670.
[15] Schaefer EC，Everts J，De Boer J，et al. Polybrominated biphenyl and occurrence [J]. Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology，1995，25(6):141-151.
[16] 楊永亮，潘靜，李悅，等.青島近岸沉積物中持久性有機污染物多氯蔡和多澳聯(lián)苯醚[J]. 化學通報 (Chinese Science，Bulletin)，2003，21(48):2244-2251.
[17] 陳社軍，麥碧嫻，曾永平，等.珠江三角洲及南海北部海域表層沉積物中多澳聯(lián)苯醚的分布特征[J].環(huán)境科學學報，2005，25(9):1265-1271.
[18] Liu Y，Zheng G J，Yu H，et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers insedimentsan Musseltissues from HongKong marine waters. Marine Pollution Bulletin，2005，50：1178-1180.
[19] Eljarrt, Kurunthachalam Kannan, David P Rapaport, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in human adipose tissue from New York[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2005, 39: 5177- 5182.
