基于無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的機(jī)械參量測試系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)（本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)）

摘    要

隨著傳感器技術(shù)、嵌入式計(jì)算技術(shù)、分布式信息處理技術(shù)和通信技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展 ,無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。
節(jié)點(diǎn)的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)是組建無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。本文研究了無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。根據(jù)無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特點(diǎn)提出了節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的重要指標(biāo) ,并根據(jù)這些指標(biāo)對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)的各個(gè)子系統(tǒng)包括數(shù)據(jù)處理單元、無線通信模塊、電源管理模塊、數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊等進(jìn)行了具體地結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和硬件選型，同時(shí)對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了軟件設(shè)計(jì)。
總之，無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)成的基本元素是網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn) ,這些節(jié)點(diǎn)集信息采集、數(shù)據(jù)處理和無線通訊等諸多功能于一體 ,具有無線通信、數(shù)據(jù)采集和處理、協(xié)同合作等功能。網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)是傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基礎(chǔ) ,設(shè)計(jì)低成本、低功耗、多功能的微型無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)機(jī)是無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的核心問題之一。
關(guān)鍵詞：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)，節(jié)點(diǎn)，電源管理，無線通信，數(shù)據(jù)處理，數(shù)據(jù)采集
 

ABSTRACT

Recent advances in sensing techniques, embedded computing techniques, distributed information processing techniques and communication techniques have enabled t he development of wireless sensor networks.
System design technology of nodes is one of the key technologies to build wireless sensor networks (WSN). Design and implementation of the nodes of WSN were studied in this paper. The guide line s of system design of the node s we re brought forward based on the analysis of the characteristics of WSN, then system structure and hardware components selection were determined. Further, hardware design of node board and sensor board was expounded respectively.
In short, wireless sensor networks constitute the basic elements of the network nodes, these node-information collection, data processing and wireless communications, and many other functions in one, with wireless communications, data acquisition and processing, collaboration, and other functions. Network node sensor network is the basis for the design of low-cost, low-power, micro-wireless sensor network nodes for wireless network technology is one of the core issues.
Key words：wireless sensor networks, nodes, Power management, wireless communications, data processing, data acquisition.
 

 
目錄
摘    要 III
ABSTRACT IV
目錄 V
1緒論 1
1.1無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的組成及特點(diǎn) 1
1.1.1無線傳感器的組成 1
1.1.2 無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特點(diǎn) 1
1.2無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的關(guān)鍵問題 2
1.2.1系統(tǒng)節(jié)能 2
1.2.2網(wǎng)絡(luò)內(nèi)部通信 2
1.2.3高效的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu) 2
1.2.4容錯(cuò)性和可擴(kuò)展性 2
1.3節(jié)點(diǎn)總體設(shè)計(jì) 2
1.4目的及意義 3
1.5本文的主要內(nèi)容 4
2數(shù)據(jù)處理單元設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.1數(shù)據(jù)處理單元總體設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.2 LPC2103微處理器特點(diǎn) 6
2.3結(jié)構(gòu)概述 7
2.4管腳描述 9
2.5小結(jié) 13
3無線通信單元設(shè)計(jì) 14
3.1無線通信單元總體設(shè)計(jì) 14
3.2 CC2420芯片主要性能特點(diǎn) 15
3.3芯片內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu) 15
3.4電路分析 16
3.5實(shí)際系統(tǒng)需要做以下配置： 17
3.6小結(jié) 18
4電源管理模塊設(shè)計(jì) 19
4.1充電及狀態(tài)顯示模塊 19
4.2芯片DS2770模塊分析 20
4.2.1DS2770的特點(diǎn) 20
4.2.2芯片DS2770引腳及其功能 21
4.2.3DS2770電路分析 21
4.3芯片DS2720模塊分析 23
4.3.1DS2720的特點(diǎn) 23
4.3.2芯片DS2720引腳及其功能 23
4.3.3DS2720電路分析 23
4.4實(shí)時(shí)時(shí)鐘RTC 24
4.5小結(jié) 25
5數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊設(shè)計(jì) 26
5.1傳感器的選擇 26
5.2節(jié)點(diǎn)板與傳感器板的連接 27
5.3外部接口 27
5.4小結(jié) 27
6軟件設(shè)計(jì) 29
7結(jié)論 31
參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 32