ZL20輪式裝載機(jī)總體牽引性能參數(shù)計(jì)算及動(dòng)力換檔變速箱設(shè)計(jì)（本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)）
中文摘要

本設(shè)計(jì)主要完成ZL20裝載機(jī)整體牽引性能參數(shù)計(jì)算的同時(shí)對(duì)裝載機(jī)的行星變速箱進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，力學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)和技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)。在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中需遵循下列原則：
在性能方案設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，應(yīng)該使方案?jìng)鲃?dòng)效率最高，并且使其主要牽引性指標(biāo)和經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)接近。
在滿載以上原則的情況下，力求各零部件結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單緊湊，裝卸和維修方便，并且加工簡(jiǎn)單。
在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，參考相關(guān)資料，結(jié)合專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)及積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對(duì)課題進(jìn)行分析，對(duì)比現(xiàn)有的產(chǎn)品和資料進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。通過(guò)初定總體牽引性能參數(shù)，柴油機(jī)與液力變矩器的匹配，傳動(dòng)比分配和計(jì)算載荷確定，裝載機(jī)行星式動(dòng)力換檔變速箱設(shè)計(jì)，行星變速箱主要零部件設(shè)計(jì)，力求貫徹標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、系列化、通用化的“三化”原則，以便于保證產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量，降低成本和滿足互換性要求。在強(qiáng)度、剛度、可靠性滿足要求的前提下，力求各零部件的尺寸盡可能小，以便節(jié)省加工材料，降低加工成本。


關(guān)鍵詞：牽引性能，動(dòng)力換檔，行星變速箱


ABSTRACT

This design is mainly about that when the calculation of the overall traction performance parameters of the ZL20 wheel loader is finished. The planetary gearbox of the loader should be made for structural design, mechanical analysis and technical studies. In the design process, to be guided by the following principles:
In the design of the performance program, the transmission of the program should be the most efficient, and the main traction performance target and the economic target should be reached.
Loaded with the above principles, each part should be simple and compact structure, easy handling and maintenance, and simple processing.
In the design process, reference information, the combination of expertise and accumulated experience, the subject of analysis, comparison of existing products and design information. Moreover, the drive capacity of clutches is checked. That design of wheel loader’s planetary transmission proportion is bigger than the before and the transmission gearing is equipped with two planetary ranks. In the design of the main parts, the strength of range gear input shift and the planetary gears shift are checked. Moreover, the drive capacity of clutches is checked. Finally, a pear of ball bearing time limit of using is calculated. According to the design process and the result , both strong dragging function power and well economic data should be reached. That’s the key idea which is widely used in mechanic designing field.


Key words: traction performance, power shift, planetary transmission

目 錄

中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
緒論 1
1 裝載機(jī)總體參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) 3
1.1初定總體參數(shù) 3
1.2裝載機(jī)鏟斗參數(shù) 4
1.3裝載機(jī)自重力 5
1.4車(chē)輪上的驅(qū)動(dòng)力 6
1.5 輪胎的選型及動(dòng)力半徑的計(jì)算 6
1.6 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)額定功率計(jì)算及選型 6
2 柴油機(jī)與液力變矩器的匹配 8
2.1 液力變矩器的工作原理 9
2.2 液力變矩器的選型 10
2.3 液力變矩器的有效直徑的確定 10
2.3.1 各油泵消耗的扭矩 11
2.3.2原動(dòng)機(jī)額定扭矩和附件消耗的扭矩 12
2.3.3扣除各種消耗兩種工況下發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)使用特性曲線上額定轉(zhuǎn)速點(diǎn)的扭矩 12
2.3.4 液力變矩器的原始特性 12
2.3.5有效直徑D的確定 12
2.4 液力變矩器與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的匹配 13
3 傳動(dòng)比分配和計(jì)算載荷確定 16
3.1驅(qū)動(dòng)力范圍 16
3.2各檔傳動(dòng)比的確定 16
3.2.1最大傳動(dòng)比 的確定 16
3.2.2最小傳動(dòng)比 的確定 17
3.2.3倒檔傳動(dòng)比的確定 17
3.2.4傳動(dòng)系公比的計(jì)算與校核 17
3.3傳動(dòng)比的分配 18
4 ZL20裝載機(jī)行星式動(dòng)力換檔變速箱設(shè)計(jì) 19
4.1概述 19
4.2 傳動(dòng)方案的選擇及變速箱各檔傳動(dòng)比的確定 20
4.2.1 變速箱的設(shè)計(jì)要求： 20
4.2.2 傳動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)圖設(shè)計(jì) 20
4.2.4 行星排傳動(dòng)效率估算 21
4.3 變速箱機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 21
4.3.1不轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)部分的支承定位及連接 22
4.3.2旋轉(zhuǎn)零件的的支承定位方式及連接 22
4.3.3變速箱的潤(rùn)滑和冷卻方式 22
5 行星變速箱主要零部件設(shè)計(jì) 23
5.1 配齒計(jì)算 23
5.1.1 配齒計(jì)算 23
5.1.2 按同心條件、裝配條件和相鄰條件校核各齒齒數(shù) 23
5.2 行星排的幾何參數(shù)計(jì)算 24
5.3行星機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)及動(dòng)力學(xué)分析計(jì)算 25
5.3.1 行星機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析 25
5.3.2 行星機(jī)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析 26
5.4 齒輪強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 28
5.4.1 變速箱計(jì)算載荷的確定 28
5.4.2 Ⅰ檔行星排太陽(yáng)輪的強(qiáng)度校核計(jì)算 29
5.5 變速箱換檔離合器和閉鎖離合器的計(jì)算 31
5.5.1 Ⅰ檔離合器的計(jì)算 31
5.5.2 Ⅱ檔離合器（閉鎖離合器）的計(jì)算 31
5.5.3 倒檔離合器的計(jì)算 32
5.6 軸的計(jì)算和剛度計(jì)算 32
5.6.1 前（中間）輸入軸的強(qiáng)度核算 32
5.6.2 行星輪軸的強(qiáng)度核算 35
5.7 驗(yàn)算軸承壽命 36
5.7.1 轉(zhuǎn)速計(jì)算 36
5.7.2 滿載情況下軸承負(fù)荷計(jì)算 37
總結(jié) 39
謝辭 40
參考文獻(xiàn) 41