摘 要

巡航控制系統(tǒng)就是無需駕駛員操縱油門踏板即可將汽車車速自動控制在駕駛員設(shè)置的目標(biāo)速度上，從而減輕駕駛員的疲勞強(qiáng)度，提高行駛舒適性，使汽車工作在發(fā)動機(jī)有利轉(zhuǎn)速范圍內(nèi)的汽車自動行駛裝置。汽車巡航控制系統(tǒng)目前主要運(yùn)用在中高級轎車上，而普通型轎車幾乎都沒有安裝該系統(tǒng)。隨著中國高速公路建設(shè)、汽車工業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展和我國家用經(jīng)濟(jì)型轎車數(shù)量的逐漸增長，從安全、節(jié)能、環(huán)保等因素考慮，在普通型轎車上安裝汽車巡航控制系統(tǒng)有非常重要的意義。
本文根據(jù)巡航控制系統(tǒng)的工作原理，從多方面進(jìn)行了分析、計(jì)算。對巡航控制系統(tǒng)的主要零部件進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)，完成了電動執(zhí)行器部件電磁離合器的詳細(xì)尺寸計(jì)算，并進(jìn)行了校核，畫出了電磁離合器的零件圖、裝配圖。 按照離合器的轉(zhuǎn)距、功率大小對電動機(jī)進(jìn)行了選擇。然后畫出了電磁離合器與電動機(jī)的裝配圖。根據(jù)巡航控制系統(tǒng)ECU的設(shè)計(jì)對車速傳感器的進(jìn)行了選型。在電路圖設(shè)計(jì)過程中，首先選取了合適的單片機(jī)，然后繪制了各個(gè)功能的電路圖，對整個(gè)巡航控制系統(tǒng)的電路原理圖進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。最后根據(jù)所設(shè)計(jì)的電路原理圖和本設(shè)計(jì)要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能畫出了程序流程圖，編輯了巡航控制系統(tǒng)的主要程序。本文基本上對汽車巡航控制系統(tǒng)的主要部件做出了比較完整的設(shè)計(jì)，使巡航控制系統(tǒng)能在普通型轎車得到應(yīng)用。


關(guān)鍵詞：巡航控制，單片機(jī)，電磁離合器，電路原理圖，主程序

ABSTRACT

Automotive cruise control system is a device which can make the automobile run with the required constant speed without the control of the accelerograph, and let the engine work with a advantageous rotate speed. So it can allay the driving fatigue and improve the ride comfort. Now the cruise control system is common used on middling and advanced cars but not preva lent on the common ones. With the development of freeway and the automobile industry, the increase of private cars, and also considered the safety performance and environment protection, so it is full of momentous significance to use the cruise control system on the common cars.
This paper has finished extensive calculation and analysis by the theory of the cruise control system. And designed the system’s main components, finished the calculation of the size of the electromagnetic clutch which belong to the electric controlling element, and also finished the detail drawings and assembly drawing. In the paper, it select a electromotor according to its power and the torque of the electromagnetic clutch, then finished the assembly drawing about the electromotor and clutch. The type of speed is chosen by the design of ECU of automotive cruise control system. In the process of the design of schematic circuit diagram, it selects a proper SCM firstly, and the draw the circuit diagram of each function. This paper designed a schematic circuit diagram for the system of cruise control. At last, this paper designed a flow chart for the program. This paper has basically made an integrated design for the main components of the cruise control system. So the popularization of the cruise control system will be used on the common cars.


Key words：cruise control, Single-Chip Microcomputer(SCM), electromagnetic clutch, circuit elements fig, main procedure

目 錄
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
目 錄 III
1 緒論 1
1.1國內(nèi)外汽車巡航技術(shù)發(fā)展史 1
1.2 汽車巡航控制系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn) 1
1.3汽車巡航控制系統(tǒng)的功能 2
1.4巡航控制系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展動向 3
1.5巡航控制系統(tǒng)使用和注意事項(xiàng) 3
2 汽車巡航控制系統(tǒng)基本組成及工作原理 5
2.1 基本組成 5
2．2 工作原理 5
2.3 巡航控制系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) 5
2.4現(xiàn)有巡航控制系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn) 6
2.5巡航控制ECU 8
2.6執(zhí)行器 11
2.7 汽車巡航系統(tǒng)電路 11
3 汽車巡航控制系統(tǒng)（CCS）的設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.1 執(zhí)行器主要部件的設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.2蝸輪蝸桿基本參數(shù) 18
3.3電動機(jī)選型 19
3.4車速傳感器的選擇： 20
3.5蝸桿與減速電機(jī)的安裝 21
3.6執(zhí)行器部件主要裝配圖 21
3.7結(jié)果 22
4 電路原理圖的設(shè)計(jì) 23
4.1 單片機(jī)簡介 23
4.2電路圖設(shè)計(jì) 23
4.3結(jié)果 28
5 巡航控制程序設(shè)計(jì) 29
5．1制系統(tǒng)程序設(shè)計(jì)的要求 29
5.2程序要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能 29
5.3控制程序流程圖 29
6 結(jié) 論 34
參考文獻(xiàn) 35