摘 要
船舶工業(yè)是關(guān)系到國防安全及國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略性產(chǎn)業(yè)，是一個國家技術(shù)能力和經(jīng)濟實力最有利的體現(xiàn)。船舶建造是典型的大型裝備制造業(yè)，具有勞動、資金、技術(shù)密集型的特點。目前，我國船舶建造業(yè)還處于傳統(tǒng)造船模式向現(xiàn)代造船模式的轉(zhuǎn)變過程中，船舶制造業(yè)的整體技術(shù)水平與日韓等傳統(tǒng)造船大國差距還很大。要想由造船大國轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樵齑瑥妵?，提高生產(chǎn)效率是我國造船企業(yè)改革的必由之路。由于分段調(diào)度的可行性和及時性差是提高船舶建造效率的主要制約因素，因此研究船舶企業(yè)分段車間的調(diào)度問題具有重要的意義。
根據(jù)曲面分段加工的生產(chǎn)特點，本文借鑒固定工位生產(chǎn)與流水線作業(yè)模式結(jié)合起來的虛擬流水線生產(chǎn)作業(yè)模式，即在固定工位生產(chǎn)過程中采用流水線作業(yè)的組織形式，以提高曲面分段的生產(chǎn)效率。首先闡述了虛擬流水線提出的背景、基本原理以及實現(xiàn)虛擬流水線作業(yè)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)：作業(yè)班組的構(gòu)建、生產(chǎn)節(jié)拍確定、工期同期化。其次在研究傳統(tǒng)Petri網(wǎng)的基本理論及在進行作業(yè)車間建模時的不足，提出了一種基于時間Petri網(wǎng)和著色Petri網(wǎng)的擴展Petri網(wǎng)，并且建立了擴展Petri網(wǎng)在進行車間建模時的基本模型。然后構(gòu)建作業(yè)班組，在作業(yè)班組構(gòu)建的基礎(chǔ)了建立了虛擬流水線調(diào)度問題的數(shù)學模型，并提出一種基于激發(fā)序列的改進遺傳算法對模型進行求解。最后研究了基于現(xiàn)代造船模式的虛擬流水線生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)，使用UML對系統(tǒng)開發(fā)過程進行可視化建模。
虛擬流水線生產(chǎn)模式可以有效的提高船舶分段建造車間的生產(chǎn)效率，縮短生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)周期，降低成本，便于過程控制，因此研究虛擬流水線作業(yè)模式下分段車間的調(diào)度問題具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。
關(guān)鍵詞：船舶分段；虛擬流水線；Petri網(wǎng)；遺傳算法
Abstract
Shipbuilding is a strategic industry, related to national security and national economic development,the best expression of a national technical capacity and economic strength .The shipbuilding is a typical large-scale equipment manufacturing industry,with labor,capital and technology-intensive features.At present,with the intensifying of the mode of traditional to modern shipbuilding mode,shipbuilding industry’s overall technological level between china and the traditional shipbuilding countries such as Janpan and South Korea is still a big gap.In order to transform from the large shipbuilding country to the powerful shipbuildiong country,improving efficiency is a nessary way for Chinay’s shipbuilding enterprise.Since ship block scheduling’s feasibility and timeliness is poor，the main constraints to improve efficiency,so study of ship block scheduling problem has significance.
According to the hull cruved ship block’s characteristics，this paper reference the virtual flow line，which combined Fixed-position mode of production and assembly line, at a fixed station used in assembly line production process organization operation in order to improve the productivity of the hull cruved ship block.Firstly, describes the virtual assembly line's background, basic principles and operation of virtual assembly line of the key technologies: the job of building a team, production cycle to determine, over the same period of duration. Secondly ,based on study of the basic theory of traditional Petri nets and its’short this paper proposed a extend Petri nets, which based on timed Petri net and colored Petri net and established the basic model to model the workshop.Thirdly, build operations team, set up the mathematical models of the virtual flow line based on operations team. Finally, studies of modern shipbuilding model based on the virtual flow line production system and model the system development process base on UML.
The virtual flow line in ship block building ,integrating fixed-station and flow line，can effectively improve the efficiency of shipbuilding,reduce production costs ,and enhance the core competitiveness of shipbuilding industry. So study of ship block scheduling based on virtual flow has significance.
Keywords: Ship Block;Virtual Flow Line;Petri Net;Genetic Algorith
目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 緒論 1
1.1課題的研究背景及意義 1
1.1.1 論文的研究背景 1
1.1.2 論文的目的和意義 1
1.2 車間調(diào)度問題國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2.1車間調(diào)度問題的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2.2 車間調(diào)度研究存在的問題及發(fā)展趨勢 6
1.3 論文的研究內(nèi)容、方法及創(chuàng)新點 7
1.3.1 研究內(nèi)容 7
1.3.2 研究思路 8
1.3.3 創(chuàng)新點 8
第2章 論文的研究理論及方法 9
2.1 虛擬流水線的提出及基本原理 9
2.1.1 船舶曲面分段生產(chǎn)模式分析 9
2.1.2 虛擬流水線基本原理 9
2.2 遺傳算法及其主要特點 11
2.2.1 遺傳算法的基本原理 11
2.2.2 遺傳算法的優(yōu)點和不足 11
2.2.3 遺傳算法的操作流程 12
2.2.4 遺傳算法參數(shù)選擇與操作設(shè)計 13
2.3 UML、RUP與體系結(jié)構(gòu)建模 19
2.3.1 面向?qū)ο髽I(yè)務(wù)建模方法 19
2.3.2 UML、RUP 19
2.4 本章小結(jié) 20
第3章 擴展Petri網(wǎng)及作業(yè)車間建模 21
3.1 Petri 網(wǎng)理論基礎(chǔ) 21
3.1.1 Petri網(wǎng)基本理論 21
3.1.2 Petri網(wǎng)過程建模特點 22
3.1.3 高級Petri網(wǎng)理論 23
3.2 擴展Petri網(wǎng) 26
3.3 基本模型的建立 27
3.3.1 緩沖區(qū)模型 27
3.3.2 FCFS工作隊列模型 28
3.3.3制造系統(tǒng)中的競爭并行與同步模型 29
3.4 基于擴展Petri車間作業(yè)調(diào)度建模實例 30
3.4.1 基于Petri網(wǎng)的作業(yè)車間建模思想 30
3.4.2 基于擴展Petri網(wǎng)的作業(yè)車間建模步驟 30
3.4.3 基于擴展Petri網(wǎng)的作業(yè)車間建模實例 31
3.5 本章小結(jié) 32
第4章 虛擬流水線調(diào)度系統(tǒng)的數(shù)..