1.What is supply chain management?
Supply chain management is the combination of art and science that goes into improving the way your company finds the raw components it needs to make a product or service, manufactures that product or service and delivers it to customers. The following are five basic components for supply chain management.
Plan-This is the strategic portion of supply chain management. You need a strategy for managing all the resources that go toward meeting customer demand for your product or service. A big piece of planning is developing a set of metrics to monitor the supply chain so that it is efficient, costs less and delivers high quality and value to customers.


1．什么是供應(yīng)鏈管理
供應(yīng)鏈?zhǔn)且环N關(guān)于整合的科學(xué)和藝術(shù)，它主要探究提高企業(yè)采購(gòu)生產(chǎn)商品所需的原材料、生產(chǎn)商品，并把它供應(yīng)給最終顧客的效率的途徑。以下是供應(yīng)鏈管理的五個(gè)基本組成模塊：
計(jì)劃--它是供應(yīng)鏈的戰(zhàn)略層面。企業(yè)需要有一個(gè)控制所有資源的戰(zhàn)略以滿(mǎn)足客戶(hù)對(duì)產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的需求。計(jì)劃的核心是建立一套機(jī)制去監(jiān)控整條供應(yīng)鏈以便使它能有效運(yùn)作：低成本、高品質(zhì)配送和增值客戶(hù)服務(wù)。該模塊連結(jié)著供應(yīng)鏈的作業(yè)與營(yíng)運(yùn)目標(biāo)，主要包括需求/供給規(guī)劃（Demand/Supply Planning）與規(guī)劃基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)（infrastructure）兩項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，對(duì)所有采購(gòu)運(yùn)籌流程、制造運(yùn)籌流程與配送運(yùn)籌流程進(jìn)行規(guī)劃與控制。需求/供給規(guī)劃活動(dòng)包含了評(píng)估企業(yè)整體產(chǎn)能與資源、總體需求規(guī)劃以及針對(duì)產(chǎn)品與配銷(xiāo)管道，進(jìn)行存貨規(guī)劃、配送規(guī)劃、制造規(guī)劃、物料及產(chǎn)能的規(guī)劃。規(guī)劃基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)管理包含了自制或外包決策的制定、供應(yīng)鏈的架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、長(zhǎng)期產(chǎn)能與資源規(guī)劃、企業(yè)規(guī)劃、產(chǎn)品生命周期的決定、新舊產(chǎn)品線(xiàn)規(guī)劃與產(chǎn)品線(xiàn)的管理等。