Neil Birtley, FCSD
這一章的主旨是
 回顧造型設(shè)計師和空氣動力分析師的角色
 概述從概念到最后設(shè)計的各個設(shè)計階段
 證明機(jī)械工程師和造型設(shè)計師前后協(xié)同工作的必要性
4.1簡介
除了設(shè)計師的草圖的常規(guī)外觀和專業(yè)汽車出版社里的油膩模型，這個主題在其他地方很少被寫到。汽車設(shè)計師的工作仍然得到很多人包括工業(yè)設(shè)計師的很少的理解。一些以設(shè)計師角度思考的有趣的見解和他們事業(yè)的性質(zhì)在1988年由Armi給出，在這里他闡明“汽車設(shè)計在商業(yè)藝術(shù)中是最不能被充分理解的”。
這個操作程序主要是由Harley Earl創(chuàng)造的東西演變過來的，Harley Earl1927年在通用汽車創(chuàng)建了第一個為特定目的建造的設(shè)計部門。這個方法包括在紙上設(shè)計出2D草圖，然后將他們轉(zhuǎn)變成全尺寸的2D正交的插圖。這些都被用于創(chuàng)建模板等，用于創(chuàng)建全尺寸的三維模型（通常用油泥做模型，有時也用木材和石膏）。
然后全尺寸實(shí)物模型為結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計部門提供全車身表面信息基礎(chǔ)，并機(jī)加工出來。概念圖的產(chǎn)生、概念圖轉(zhuǎn)換成的全尺寸“膠帶圖”和涂色以及全尺寸油泥模型都是設(shè)計師工作的一部分。同時他們的許多技能訓(xùn)練和體驗(yàn)出來的，許多決定性的制作和解釋很多時候是憑直覺的。在造型技術(shù)的開發(fā)方面可以確定的是，不管對于內(nèi)部的還是外部的，草圖方案的實(shí)施幾乎遵循一系列難定義的未成文規(guī)則，是一個非常寬泛的參量。


Neil Birtley, FCSD
The aim of this chapter is to:
• Review the role of the stylist and aerodynamist;
• Give an overview of the design stages from concept to final design;
• Demonstrate the need for engineers and stylist to work in tandem.
4.1 Introduction
Very little has been written elsewhere on this subject, despite the regular appearance of stylists’
sketches, and clay models in the specialist motoring press. The work of the automobile stylist
remains little understood by many, including other industrial designers. Some interesting insights
into the way stylists think, and the nature of their business, is given by Armi, 1988 where he
states that (car styling) ‘. . . is amongst the least understood of the commercial arts’.
The operational procedures are mainly evolved from those created by Harley Earl, who set
up the first purpose-built styling department at General Motors in 1927. The method includes
creating designs on paper as 2D sketches, then converting them to full size 2D orthogonal
illustrations. These are used to create templates, etc., to create full-size three-dimensional
models, usually in clay, though wood and plaster are sometimes used.
The full size mock-up is then used as the basis for all body surface information required by
the engineering department for structural design and tooling to be developed. The generation of
concept sketches, their conversion into full size ‘tape drawings’ and renderings and the creation