本科水箱自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)論文

摘要
　　　工業(yè)中很多控制問題都可以歸結(jié)于水箱控制問題，研究水箱控制系統(tǒng)具有很好的科研和實(shí)用價(jià)值。溫度、液位、壓力、流量是水箱控制中最常用的控制量，可以應(yīng)用于很多控制方案中。比如：在水塔供水系統(tǒng)、高位水箱供水系統(tǒng)、汽車水箱供水系統(tǒng)、液壓泵供油系統(tǒng)等系統(tǒng)中都有廣泛的應(yīng)用。
　　　本文以80C51單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)為核心，開發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)了一套水箱溫度、液位、壓力、流量的自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)設(shè)定參數(shù)的鍵盤輸入；溫度、液位、壓力、流量的自動(dòng)控制；日歷時(shí)間的顯示；自動(dòng)聲光報(bào)警。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)搭建方便，價(jià)格便宜，具有一定的實(shí)用價(jià)值?？刂葡到y(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)流程為：①報(bào)警參數(shù)鍵盤輸入和顯示；②模擬量信號(hào)采集；③A/D轉(zhuǎn)換和數(shù)字濾波；④對(duì)A/D轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行LCD顯示；⑤溫度、液位、壓力、流量的控制；⑥時(shí)間和日歷顯示。相關(guān)功能采用具有實(shí)時(shí)性的匯編語言實(shí)現(xiàn)。
　　　本論文詳細(xì)論述了怎樣實(shí)現(xiàn)水箱溫度、液位、壓力、流量的自動(dòng)控制，第一章簡(jiǎn)要的介紹了水箱溫度、液位、壓力、流量自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用，以及單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)概述。第二章介紹了控制系統(tǒng)的總體功能設(shè)計(jì)分析以及方案設(shè)計(jì)。第三章介紹了系統(tǒng)的主要硬件配置和傳感器選擇。第四章詳細(xì)的介紹了系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)。第五章介紹了系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試以及運(yùn)行結(jié)果。最后則對(duì)本次設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了全面的回顧以及對(duì)水箱溫度、液位、壓力、流量自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的不足提出改進(jìn)方案。
關(guān)鍵字：    水箱    80C51    自動(dòng)控制
Abstract
　　　In industrial area, many control problems can be attributed to water tank control model, so the research of water tank control system has scientific and practical value. Temperature, water level, pressure and flow rat are the most commonly used parameters in the water tank control, and can be applied to many control systems. For example: in the water tower supply systems, high water tank supply system, car water tank supply system, hydraulic pump oil supply system and other supply system. It is widely used.
　　　In this paper, a temperature, water level, pressure, and flow rat automatic control system of water tank was designed based on 80C51 SCM system. This system has functions as follow: alarm parameters keyboard input; temperature, water level, pressure, flow rat automatic control; time and calendar display; sound and light automatic alarm. The whole system is structures convenient, inexpensive and has certain practical value. The control system design process is：①alarm parameters keyboard input and display; ②analog signal acquisition; ③A/D conversion and digital filtering; ④the A/D conversion data LCD display; ⑤temperature, water level, pressure, flow rat control; ⑥time and calendar display. The related function of this system can be achieved by using real-time compilation language.
　　　Temperature, water level, pressure, flow rate’s automatic control of water tank was discussed in detail on how to achieve in this paper. In chapter 1, temperature, water level, pressure, flow rate automatic control system’s practice of water tank, and SCM control system’s overview was briefly introduced. In chapter 2, control system’s overall function analysis design and scheme design was introduced. In chapter 3, systems’s main hardware configuration and sensor choice was introduced. In chapter 4, system software design was introduced in detail. In chapter 5, system debugging and the results were introduced. A comprehensive review of this design was made and a improve scheme of industrial water tank temperature, water level, pressure, flow rat automatic control system’s weakness was proposed in the end of this paper.
Key words:    water tank    80C51    automatic control
　　　
　　　目    錄
　　　
第1章 緒論 1
1.1水箱溫度液位壓力流量控制系統(tǒng)綜述 1
1.2 單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)綜述 2
1.2.1 單片機(jī)的簡(jiǎn)要發(fā)展歷史 2
1.2.2 當(dāng)前世界范圍內(nèi)單片機(jī)的發(fā)展領(lǐng)域 3
1.2.3 單片機(jī)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 3
1.2.4 單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用 4
第2章 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) 6
2.1總體功能設(shè)計(jì)分析 6
2.2 系統(tǒng)硬件模塊 7
2.3 系統(tǒng)軟件模塊 8
第三章 系統(tǒng)主要硬件配置 9
3.1 控制系統(tǒng)主要硬件介紹 9
3.1.1單片機(jī)控制模塊 9
3.1.2 ADC0809模塊 11
3.1.3 8155并行I/O口擴(kuò)展模塊 12
3.1.4 DS12887時(shí)鐘模塊 16
3.1.5 12232A液晶模塊 20
3.2 傳感器的選擇 24
3.2.1溫度傳感器選擇 26
3.2.2 液位傳感器選擇 27
3.2.3 壓力傳感器選擇 29
3.2.4 流量傳感器選擇 30
第四章 控制系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 33
4.1 整體軟件設(shè)計(jì) 33
4.2 報(bào)警參數(shù)輸入部分 34
4.3 A/D轉(zhuǎn)換和數(shù)字濾波 40
4.3.1 模擬量數(shù)據(jù)采集 40
4.3.2 數(shù)字濾波處理 41
4.3.3 模擬信號(hào)的輸出變換 41
4.3.4 A/D轉(zhuǎn)換和數(shù)字濾波 43
4.4 LCD液晶顯示 47
4.5控制部分設(shè)計(jì) 52
4.5.1 溫度控制部分設(shè)計(jì) 52
4.5.2 液位控制部分設(shè)計(jì) 54
4.5.3 壓力控制部分設(shè)計(jì) 57
4.5.4 流量控制部分設(shè)計(jì) 57
4.6 時(shí)鐘日歷顯示 58
第五章 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 62
結(jié)論 67
致謝 68
參考文獻(xiàn) 69