摘要
漢語四字成語是人們在長期使用語言的過程中形成的固定的詞組或短語，是勞動人民智慧的結(jié)晶，具有濃厚的民族色彩。它具有形式簡練，含義精辟，表達生動的特點，涉及到歷史地理、風土人情、文化背景等知識，是語言中最難掌握的部分。有的成語從字面上就可以理解其含義，而大部分成語則寓意隱晦，很難從字面上理解其真實含義，若望文生義地理解，翻譯出來的東西就會給人以莫名其妙不知所云的感覺，由此本文將從語用意義的角度來闡述漢語四字成語的翻譯，為漢語成語的翻譯更為準確性而提供有益的參考。

關鍵詞：語用意義;漢語四字成語;跨文化交際


Abstract
Chinese four-character idioms, the stereotyped expressions, are derived from the people through long-term use of language, crystallized from the working people and branded with strong national color. Not only does the idiom feature itself with succinct form, penetrating meaning and vivid description, but also it involves the aspects of history, geography, culture background, local conditions and social customs etc., so it is the most difficult part of Chinese language for us to master. Although some of them can be literally understood, hardly do the majorities be got acquainted with merely from the words whose implications are vague. It must make the readers confused to translate them from the literal meaning of the context, hence the purpose of this article is to elaborate the translation of Chinese four-character idioms in the light of the pragmatic meaning, and to bring idioms translation forward to a new step.

Keywords: pragmatic meaning; Chinese four-character idioms; cross-cultural communication


Contents

Introduction ………………………………………………………… ……………………1
1.General Concept of Chinese Idioms …… …… …………………………… …………… 2
1.1 The Definition of Chinese Four-character Idioms…………………… …………………2
1.2 Origins……… ……………………………………………………… ………………… 3
1.2.1 From Myths and Legends ……… …………………………… ………………………3
1.2.2 From Historical Events …………… ……………………… …………………………3
1.2.3 From the Literature and Fables ………… …………… ………………………………3
1.2.4 From Customs and Life Term…………………………………………………………3
1.2.5 From Colors …………………… ……………………………………………… …… 4
1.2.6 From Numerals ………………………… ……………… ……………………………4
1.2.7 From Characteristics of Animals ………………… ……………… ………………… 4
1.2.8 From Religions and Beliefs …………… ………………… ………………………… 5
2. Pragmatics and Translation……………… ……………………………………………… 5
2.1 Foreign Pragmatic-oriented Translation Theories…………… …………………………5
2.2 Chinese Pragmatic-oriented Translation Theories………………… ……………………6
2.3 Detailed Analysis of Pragmatic-oriented Translation ……… …………… …………… 6
2.3.1 Deixis ………………………… ………………………………………………………7
2.3.2 Cooperative Principle…………… ……………………………………………………8
2.3.3 Speech Act Theory………………… …………………………………………………9
2.3.4 Politeness Principle …………………………………………… ……………… …… 9
3. Translation of Chinese Four-character Idioms …………… ………… ……… ………… 10
3.1 The Meaning of Chinese Four-character Idioms ………… …… …………… ……… 10
3.2 The Regularities of Translation of Chinese Four-character Idioms… … ………… ……11
4. Expatiation of the Translation Methods……………… ………………… …… …………12
4.1 Literal Translation…………………………………… ……………………… …………12
4.2 Free Translation …………………………………… ………… ……………… ……… 14
4.3 The Combination of Literal and Free Translation …… … ……… ……………… …… 15
4.4 Translation by Quotation of English Idioms …………… …… ……… …… ………… 17
Conclusion…………………………………………… …………………………… … ……19
Bibliography…………………………………………………… ……………… ……… … 20
Acknowledgements ……………… …………………………… ……………… …… …… 21