CA6DL2 SCR催化轉(zhuǎn)化器結(jié)構(gòu)可行性研究

19700字 47頁(yè)

摘要
目前在商用車滿足更嚴(yán)格的排放法規(guī)的技術(shù)路線中，目前國(guó)際上普遍采用如下的兩種技術(shù)路線：一是通過(guò)燃燒系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化降低機(jī)內(nèi)顆粒物的生成，然后采用選擇性催化還原（SCR）后處理器技術(shù)降低NOx的排放；二是通過(guò)廢棄再循環(huán)（EGR）降低機(jī)內(nèi)NOx生成量，然后采用顆粒物后處理技術(shù)降低顆粒物排放。
由于我國(guó)排放法規(guī)體系等效采用歐洲法規(guī)體系，考慮到我國(guó)的國(guó)情和技術(shù)的移植便利性，我國(guó)各主要整車廠和柴油機(jī)企業(yè)也傾向于采用SCR技術(shù)作為滿足未來(lái)更嚴(yán)格排放要求的主要技術(shù)措施。目前，雖然國(guó)內(nèi)幾家主要車用柴油機(jī)企業(yè)已經(jīng)在柴油機(jī)領(lǐng)域開展了SCR技術(shù)的研究，但基本上以國(guó)外技術(shù)引進(jìn)應(yīng)用為主，核心技術(shù)仍主要掌握在國(guó)外相關(guān)廠家手中，這成為我國(guó)該技術(shù)推廣和應(yīng)用的主要瓶頸，而我國(guó)隨著道路運(yùn)輸?shù)目焖僭鲩L(zhǎng)，車用柴油機(jī)需求量也正在迅速增加，其污染物的治理刻不容緩，急需成本低廉、性能高效的SCR排氣后處理技術(shù)和裝置。因此，有關(guān)SCR技術(shù)的國(guó)產(chǎn)化研究日益緊迫，對(duì)于SCR技術(shù)從催化劑性能研究、催化轉(zhuǎn)化器優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)到尿素噴射系統(tǒng)的控制策略的研究與應(yīng)用、OBD系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)和標(biāo)定，再到整個(gè)系統(tǒng)在整車上的集成和匹配應(yīng)用的研究非常必要。
本文簡(jiǎn)單介紹CA6DL2（8.6L）SCR催化轉(zhuǎn)化器的結(jié)構(gòu)，詳細(xì)地對(duì)相關(guān)的試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證SCR催化轉(zhuǎn)化器結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性做了說(shuō)明。研究結(jié)果對(duì)滿足國(guó)Ⅳ排放的商用柴油機(jī)具有一定的參考價(jià)值，對(duì)我國(guó)降低商用柴油機(jī)排放、減少大氣污染具有現(xiàn)實(shí)的社會(huì)意義。
關(guān)鍵詞：車用柴油機(jī)；選擇性催化還原；試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證




ABSTRACT
In all the technology routes studied by diesel engine manufacturers to deal with more stringent emission regulations two methods are concluded ,which one is reducing NOx emissions with SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction)technology on the basis of combustion optimization for diesel engines to reduce PM ,and the other to debase NOx emissions with EGR(Exhaust Gas Recirculation)and PM with DPF.
Due to our emission standard system is equivalent to the Europe standard system, in view of China’s conditions and the convenience of technology explanting, manufacturers of vehicle and diesel engine are inclined to adopting the SCR technology as the major technology to meet the more stringent exhaust emission standards in future .However, the study about Urea-SCR technology is not self-dependent currently in our country although the native manufacturers have been starting the application in SCR technology on heavy-duty diesel engines .Due to the key technology and patents for SCR system which are held by manufacturers abroad ,they have been becoming the bottle-neck of the SCR technology extending and application in China .With the diesel vehicles are increasing significantly in our country ,it is very urgent to reduce the pollutants from vehicles , and it has a rapidly increasing demand of the advanced SCR catalysts .Therefore ,it is urgent for the domestic research of the relative SCR technology and is necessary to have a totally understand of them to prepare for the further study and domestically manufacture . So, it is more and more necessary to research the SCR technology, from the catalyst, the catalyst box design , the urea dosing control strategy and the OBD system, to the entire system in the vehicle integrating and matching.
The paper simply introduces the structure of CA6DL2（8.6L）the SCR catalytic converter , but the detail of relevant test the rationality of the structure of SCR catalytic converter .The results of the study on four commercial diesel engine emissions to meet countries have a certain reference value ,to our country commercial diesel engine emissions reduction ,to reduce atmospheric pollution has realistic social significance.
Key words: heavy-duty diesel engines; selective catalytic reduction; test


目錄
第一章 緒論 5
1.1 研究背景 5
1.2 降低柴油機(jī)排氣污染物的技術(shù)途徑 7
1.3 當(dāng)前柴油機(jī)排氣污染物控制的主要技術(shù)路線 9
1.4 SCR技術(shù)的發(fā)展和研究現(xiàn)狀 11
1.4.1 SCR技術(shù)的介紹 11
1.4.2 SCR技術(shù)國(guó)外研究及應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀 12
1.4.3 SCR技術(shù)國(guó)內(nèi)研究及應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀 12
1.5 課題的提出和內(nèi)容 13
1.6 本章小結(jié) 14
第二章 SCR催化轉(zhuǎn)化器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)概述 15
2.1 SCR催化轉(zhuǎn)化器的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算思路 15
2.2 SCR催化轉(zhuǎn)化器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)及優(yōu)化方案 16
2.3 CA6DL2 SCR催化轉(zhuǎn)化器的結(jié)構(gòu)介紹 17
2.3.1 SCR催化轉(zhuǎn)化器箱式結(jié)構(gòu) 17
2.3.2 SCR 催化轉(zhuǎn)化器筒式結(jié)構(gòu) 18
2.4 襯墊的介紹和特性 18
2.4.1 襯墊的介紹 18
2.4.2 襯墊的特性 20
2.5 本章小結(jié) 21
第三章 CA6DL2 SCR催化轉(zhuǎn)化器結(jié)構(gòu)合理性試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證 22
3.1 背壓試驗(yàn) 22
3.1.1 柴油機(jī)排氣背壓對(duì)性能的影響 22
3.1.2 試驗(yàn)?zāi)康?23
3.1.3研究對(duì)象 23
3.1.4 試驗(yàn)裝置 23
3.1.5 CFD計(jì)算分析及試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比分析 24
3.1.6 結(jié)論 30
3.2軸向推力試驗(yàn) 31
3.2.1試驗(yàn)的目的 31
3.2.2試驗(yàn)裝置 31
3.2.3試驗(yàn)規(guī)范 32
3.2.4研究對(duì)象 32
3.2.5設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo) 33
3.2.6試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與分析 33
3.2.7試驗(yàn)結(jié)論 35
3.3振動(dòng)試驗(yàn) 35
3.3.1試驗(yàn)?zāi)康?35
3.3.2試驗(yàn)裝置 36
3.3.3試驗(yàn)規(guī)范 36
3.3.4研究對(duì)象 38
3.3.5設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo) 39
3.3.6振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)工裝夾具 40
3.3.7試驗(yàn)結(jié)果與分析 41
3.3.8試驗(yàn)結(jié)論 42
3.4本章小結(jié) 43
第四章 全文總結(jié)和工作展望 44
4.1全文總結(jié) 44
4.2工作展望 45
參考文獻(xiàn) 46
致謝 47