中文摘要

進(jìn)入 21 世紀(jì)以來(lái)，伴隨著汽車的大量普及，汽車工業(yè)得到了迅猛發(fā)展，汽車空調(diào)也越來(lái)越多的受到人們的關(guān)注，作為汽車空調(diào)的心臟——壓縮機(jī)也得到了飛速的發(fā)展。旋葉式壓縮機(jī)裝車后，當(dāng)空調(diào)系統(tǒng)開(kāi)啟時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)車內(nèi)出現(xiàn)了異響現(xiàn)象，影響了汽車的乘坐舒適性，為了減少異響對(duì)汽車車內(nèi)噪聲的影響，必須準(zhǔn)確識(shí)別出異響原因及部位，為改進(jìn)及其控制作必要的準(zhǔn)備。

本文通過(guò)德國(guó)HEAD-ArtemiS便攜式噪聲測(cè)試系統(tǒng)對(duì)正常壓縮機(jī)和異響壓縮機(jī)進(jìn)行了聲壓的測(cè)試，并對(duì)4000r/s時(shí)正常壓縮機(jī)和異常壓縮機(jī)時(shí)域、頻譜和自相關(guān)對(duì)比分析，根據(jù)其工作原理，我們猜測(cè)異響是由壓力脈動(dòng)引起的，接著對(duì)聲壓和壓力脈動(dòng)、壓力脈動(dòng)異常段和異響段做相干分析，得出異響是由壓力脈動(dòng)引起的；在對(duì)比分析中，還發(fā)現(xiàn)了出現(xiàn)五強(qiáng)五弱現(xiàn)象的壓縮機(jī)成為異響機(jī)的概率比較大；由于實(shí)驗(yàn)室協(xié)調(diào)問(wèn)題，課題異響部位識(shí)別實(shí)驗(yàn)做不了。最后是主觀評(píng)價(jià)實(shí)驗(yàn)，選取六個(gè)噪聲樣本，采用成對(duì)比較法，20個(gè)主觀評(píng)價(jià)主體分別打分，統(tǒng)計(jì)打分結(jié)果，用office自帶的Excel軟件分別對(duì)主觀評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果（包括女性人群和男性人群）和響度、尖銳度、波動(dòng)度和粗糙度進(jìn)行線性回歸分析；結(jié)果響度、尖銳度和主觀評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果相關(guān)性非常好，表明可以用客觀參數(shù)響度、尖銳度來(lái)代替主觀評(píng)價(jià)。


關(guān)鍵詞：壓縮機(jī)異響；識(shí)別；壓力脈動(dòng)；主觀評(píng)價(jià)。












ABSTRACT

With the popularization of the motorcar, the automobile industry has developed very quickly since 21st century, and the automobile air conditioner gets more and more public’s attention. As the “heart” of the automobile air conditioner, the compressor has much rapid development too. After loading Rotary vane compressor,When turning on the air-conditioning system,find abnormal sound inside the car.impact the Comfort of motor vehicles,In order to reduce the impact of abnormal sound for the noise inside the car.We must accurately identify the reasons and site for abnormal sound.
Using portable type noise testing soft(HEAD-ArtemiS) of German to test the normal and abnormal sound compressor.When the speed for 4000r/s，we analysised time domain、frequency spectrum、auto correlation of normal compressor and abnormal compressor，According to its principle，We speculated the abnormal sound is caused by the pressure fluctuation；then we make the sound pressure and pulse pressure、the abnormal pressure pulse and abnormal sound to the coherent analysising，we aggregate that the abnormal sound is caused by the pressure fluctuation. In contrast analysis，we also found the probability of compressor that appearance the top five and weak five become abnormal compressor is very large. As laboratory coordination，subject that identify the site of abnormal sound can not do. Finally it is subjective appraisal experiment, selected six noise sample，used geminate comparison test, 20 subjective appraisal people rate respectively, statistics rate results，with the software office carrying the software Excel carries on the linear regression analysis to the results of subjective appraisal (Including female and male crowd crowd) and loudness、sharpness、roughness、fluctuation strength;the results is the relevance of loudness、sharpness and subjective measure results is very good,it indicate we can replace the subjective eva luation with objective parameters.



Key words: compressor;abnormal sound; identification; pressure fluctuation, subjective eva luation.


目錄
中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
1 緒論 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 本課題的重要性和意義 1
1.3 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.4 本課題的研究?jī)?nèi)容及目的 4
2 旋葉式壓縮機(jī) 5
2.1 旋葉式汽車空調(diào)壓縮機(jī)基本結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 5
2.1.1基本結(jié)構(gòu) 5
2.1.2工作原理 5
2.2噪聲產(chǎn)生機(jī)理 6
2.2.1壓縮機(jī)噪聲的分類 6
2.2.2機(jī)械噪聲 6
2.2.3空氣動(dòng)力性噪聲 7
2.3 本章小結(jié) 10
3 壓縮機(jī)異響分析 11
3.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)工況、測(cè)點(diǎn)布置及測(cè)試系統(tǒng) 11
3.1.1實(shí)驗(yàn)工況 11
3.1.2測(cè)點(diǎn)布置 11
3.1.3測(cè)試系統(tǒng) 12
3.2 測(cè)量結(jié)果分析 12
3.2.1正常壓縮機(jī)和異響壓縮機(jī)時(shí)域?qū)Ρ?12
3.2.2正常壓縮機(jī)噪聲信號(hào)分析 13
3.2.3異響壓縮機(jī)異響信號(hào)分析 14
3.2.4異響過(guò)渡段分析 16
3.2.5異響機(jī)正常段分析 18
3.2.6對(duì)比分析 18
3.3 壓力脈動(dòng)異常段和異響段分析 19
3.3.1采集信號(hào) 19
3.3.2信號(hào)分析 19
3.4 異響壓縮機(jī)規(guī)律分析 23
3.5 實(shí)驗(yàn)方案 25
3.6 本章小結(jié) 26
4 壓縮機(jī)異響主觀評(píng)價(jià) 27
4.1 心理參數(shù)基本理論 28
4.1.1人耳的聽(tīng)覺(jué)特性 28
4.1.2心理聲學(xué)參數(shù) 28
4.2 主觀評(píng)價(jià)試驗(yàn) 31
4.2.1噪聲樣本的采集 32
4.2.2主體選擇及培訓(xùn) 32
4.2.3試驗(yàn)方法 32
4.2.4試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)地 33
4.2.5試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)及分析處理 33
4.3 本章小結(jié) 39
5 結(jié)論 1
致謝 42