對于任何一個設(shè)計工程師，在生產(chǎn)過程中充分利用材料特性的優(yōu)點是非常重要的。但是充分利用材料的特性一般來說是不可能的，金屬特性隨著制造、裝備、工作過程而改變。焊接、鑄造、鍛造、滾動、制造和工作環(huán)境改變著材料的特性。當(dāng)受到機(jī)械循環(huán)負(fù)載劇烈震動環(huán)境時，使產(chǎn)品機(jī)構(gòu)更容易損壞、輸出數(shù)據(jù)失真、機(jī)械疲勞強(qiáng)度減少，進(jìn)而使機(jī)械機(jī)構(gòu)快速老化。為了補(bǔ)償這些改變，工程師門經(jīng)常增大毛坯的質(zhì)量或者是用更高強(qiáng)度的材料來代替原用的材料。但是這樣變化的后果是增加了產(chǎn)品的成本?，F(xiàn)在有一種更經(jīng)濟(jì)的方法就是利用超聲波技術(shù)，今天的超聲波設(shè)備比許多年前的設(shè)備更加靈動，比巨大的電子元件更能儲存復(fù)雜的信息，而且可以和PC機(jī)進(jìn)行直接對話。


For any design engineer is important to take full
advantage of the properties of the materials that are utilized
in manufacturing. This is generally impossible, because
metal properties are altered during the fabrication
processes, assembling and working. Welding, casting,
forging, rolling, machining and/or working conditions alter
material properties, making a product or structure
vulnerable to distortion, fatigue and premature failure when
subjected to mechanical/thermal cyclical loading or severe
environments. To compensate for these alterations,
engineers often turn to increasing metal mass or
substituting a higher strength material in its place. Both
alternatives can significantly increase the product cost. An
economical solution is represented by ultrasonic technique.
Today¡¯s ultrasonic instruments allow higher flexibility than
instruments from only a few years ago. Smaller, more
powerful electronic components allow for complex data
storage and two-way communications with PCs.