身勢(shì)語在非語言交際中的應(yīng)用
4.5萬字 19頁(yè) 英語論文
論文+開題


摘 要

身勢(shì)語,同語言一樣，都是文化的一部分。在不同的文化中，身勢(shì)語的意義并不是完全相同。各民族有不同的非語言交際方式。例如：不同的民族在談話的時(shí)候，對(duì)雙方保持多大的距離才會(huì)合適有不同的看法；談話雙方身體接觸的次數(shù)多少因文化的不同而各異；在目光接觸這一方面也有許多不同的規(guī)定；在某些場(chǎng)合下，中國(guó)和講英語的國(guó)家無論微笑還是大笑。通常都表示友好，贊同，滿意，高興，愉快，但是在某些場(chǎng)合的時(shí)候，中國(guó)人的笑會(huì)引起西方人的反感；打手勢(shì)時(shí)動(dòng)作稍有不同，就會(huì)與原來的意圖有所區(qū)別，對(duì)某種手勢(shì)理解錯(cuò)了，也會(huì)意外的反應(yīng)等等。因此，要用外語進(jìn)行有效的交際，在說某種語言時(shí)就得了解說話人的手勢(shì)，動(dòng)作，舉止等所表示的意思。而有些權(quán)威人士認(rèn)為兩者相互依存。在大多數(shù)的情況下這是對(duì)的。在某些情況下，人體動(dòng)作與所說的話不一致，口頭說的與身體語言所表達(dá)的意思不一樣。這時(shí)就要借助其他的訊息或從整個(gè)情況中猜測(cè)說話人的意思，從某種意義上說，一切身勢(shì)語都要放在一定的情境下去了解；忽視了整個(gè)情境就會(huì)發(fā)生誤會(huì)。而通過中國(guó)和美國(guó)兩國(guó)的身勢(shì)語對(duì)比研究表明，兩者有相似的地方，也有差異的地方，說明了解另一種語言中身勢(shì)語的重要性?？梢?，真正掌握兩種語言的人在可以自由的在兩種語言中進(jìn)行切換，同時(shí)他的身勢(shì)語也能同時(shí)得到應(yīng)有的變化。這樣，才能使彼此間的溝通更簡(jiǎn)單更直接更明了。在本文中將介紹不同類型的身勢(shì)語以及它們的應(yīng)用方法，分析產(chǎn)生在交流過程中造成錯(cuò)誤的原因，并提出一系列的好的建議。

關(guān)鍵詞： 非語言交際；身勢(shì)語；不同文


Abstract

Body language, like our verbal language, is also a part of our culture. But not all body language means the same thing in different cultures. Different people have different ways of making nonverbal communication. For example, different people have different ideas about the proper distance between people conversing; the appropriateness of physical contact varies with different cultures; one could draw up quite a list of “rules” about eye contact; smiles and laughter usually convey friendliness, approval, satisfaction, pleasure, joy and merriment and this is generally true in China as well as the English-speaking countries. However, there are situations when some Chinese will laugh that will cause negative reactions by westerners; gestures can be particularly troublesome, for a slight difference in making the gesture itself can mean something......



Contents

1. Introduction-------------------------------------------------------------------------1
2. The necessity and importance of learning body language--------------------1
3. The concrete types and application of the body language--------------------2
3.1 Types of body language----------------------------------------------------------3
3.2 Application of the body language-----------------------------------------------8
4. Brief introduction of Chinese and American body language-------------11
4.1 Different body language with the same meaning----------------------------11
4.2 The special body language in U.S.- -------------------------------------------12
5. The concrete application of the body in English teaching-------------------13
5.1 The importance of using body language in English teaching--------------13
5.2 Body language helps to improve listening------------------------------------15
5.3 Body language helps to improve speaking-----------------------------------16
5.4 Body language helps to improve reading-------------------------------------17
5.5 Body language helps to improve writing-------------------------------------18
6. Conclusion-------------------------------------------------------------------------18
References-----------------------------------------------------------------------------19


References
[1] Jeremy, Comfort. Oxford Business English Skills [M].New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
[2] Amy, B.M. Tutsi. English Conversation [M].Shanghai: Foreign Language Education Press, 2000.