多曲柄低振動少齒差減速機的設計與分析（本科畢業(yè)論文設計）
摘 要

近年來雙曲柄環(huán)板式少齒差行星傳動減速機由于其簡單、結構緊湊、高傳動比和大載重量的特點，發(fā)展非常迅速。但是仍存在一些問題，包括：噪音大，高溫，以及在高速運行，重載和高傳動比情況下，軸承的早期失效。嚴重影響其大眾化進程，這些問題迫切需要解決。
為了解決高速和重載運行情況下環(huán)減速器的高振動和噪音問題，本文基于現存減速機的工作原理進行多曲柄低振動少齒差減速機的研究。
本文研究的新型多曲柄低振動少齒差減速機：由唐倩老師研究并申請專利的多曲柄低振動少齒差傳動是一類特殊形式的少齒差行星傳動。不僅具有結構簡單，傳動比大，傳動效率高，承載和過載能力強，制造成本低，振動、噪聲小等優(yōu)點，同時明顯改善了曲軸與軸承的受力狀況，延長了使用壽命，特別適合大負載的工況。論文從以下幾個方面進行分析與探討：①對該減速機進行結構參數設計；②本文基于Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire建立多曲柄低振動少齒差減速機的三維模型，并對其進行虛擬裝配；③基于有限元分析軟件ANSYS，利用有限元分析法對少齒差減速機進行齒面接觸分析。


關鍵詞：多曲柄低振動少齒差減速器，建模，虛擬裝配，有限元分析

ABSTRACT

Ring reducer is developed very quickly in recent year due to its simple and compact structure, high driving ratio, large loading capacity and high driving efficiency. But some problems, including great noise, high temperature and the early-worn of bearings occurring under the condition of high-speed operation, heavy loading and high transmission ratio, influenced seriously its popularization progress and are urgent to be solved.
In order to solve the high vibration and noise problems of ring reducer under the condition of high–seed and heavy-load operation, a new reducer with multi-crank and low exciting force and small tooth differences is suggested is this article, which is based on study of driving principle of current ring reducer.
A reducer with multi-crank and low exciting force and small tooth differences is a new-type reducer; It was researched and patented applications by Prof.Qian Tang is from Chongqing University. The reducer not only used for its advantages such as simple, high-transmission ratio, high-transmission efficiency, large loading capacity, low manufacture cost and low noise. also improved the situation of crankshaft and bearings in force, and prolong the service life, especially for a large load conditions. This article studies in the following aspects: ① About the structural design of Reducer; ② We establish the three-dimensional structure of the reducer model with the software Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire in the paper; ③ Based on the finite element analysis software ANSYS, We can make the analysis for tooth contact.


Key words: Ring reduce, Modeling, Virtual assemble, Finite element analysis

目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1少齒差行星傳動技術 1
1.2國內外減速器的研究現狀分析 4
1.2.1減速器的發(fā)展狀況 4
1.2.2國內外新型減速器的研究 5
1.3本文的研究目的 6
1.4本文所做的主要工作 7
2多曲柄低振動少齒差減速機的設計計算 8
2.1要求 8
2.2分配傳動裝置的傳動比 8
2.3傳動裝置的運動及運動參數計算 8
2.4第一級定軸齒輪傳動設計 8
2.4.1選擇材料 8
2.4.2按齒面接觸疲勞強度初步設計 9
2.4.3驗算齒面接觸疲勞強度 10
2.4.4驗算齒根彎曲疲勞強度 11
2.4.5確定齒輪的主要參數及幾何尺寸 12
2.5第二級少齒差傳動設計 13
2.5.1少齒差內嚙合傳動的干涉現象和參數限制條件 13
2.5.2少齒差行星傳動基本參數選擇 13
2.5.3基本參數確定及驗算 14
2.6本章小結 19
3軸的結構設計 20
3.1輸入軸的結構設計 20
3.1.1軸的結構設計 20
3.2偏心軸的結構設計 24
3.2.1軸的結構設計 24
3.3本章小結 30
4新型多曲柄低振動少齒差減速機的三維實體模型 31
4.1 Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire軟件簡介 31
4.2 Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire工程軟件的特點 33
4.3齒輪減速機的集合造型和裝配模型 33
4.4本章小結 44
5少齒差內嚙合齒輪接觸分析 45
5.1 ANSYS軟件簡介 45
5.1.1 ANSYS軟件功能簡介 45
5.1.2 前處理模塊PREP7 45
5.1.3求解模塊SOLUTION 46
5.1.4后處理模塊POST1和POST26 48
5.2 ANSYS軟件分析少齒差內嚙合齒輪接觸應力 48
5.2.1建立齒輪對的有限元模型 48
5.2.2定義單元、常數和網格劃分 48
5.2.3利用接觸向導生成接觸 51
5.2.4約束、加載和求解 52
5.2.5后處理 54
5.3本章小結 56
6 結論 57
參考文獻 58
致謝 59