多曲柄低振動(dòng)少齒差減速機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)與分析（本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)）
摘 要

近年來(lái)雙曲柄環(huán)板式少齒差行星傳動(dòng)減速機(jī)由于其簡(jiǎn)單、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、高傳動(dòng)比和大載重量的特點(diǎn)，發(fā)展非常迅速。但是仍存在一些問(wèn)題，包括：噪音大，高溫，以及在高速運(yùn)行，重載和高傳動(dòng)比情況下，軸承的早期失效。嚴(yán)重影響其大眾化進(jìn)程，這些問(wèn)題迫切需要解決。
為了解決高速和重載運(yùn)行情況下環(huán)減速器的高振動(dòng)和噪音問(wèn)題，本文基于現(xiàn)存減速機(jī)的工作原理進(jìn)行多曲柄低振動(dòng)少齒差減速機(jī)的研究。
本文研究的新型多曲柄低振動(dòng)少齒差減速機(jī)：由唐倩老師研究并申請(qǐng)專利的多曲柄低振動(dòng)少齒差傳動(dòng)是一類特殊形式的少齒差行星傳動(dòng)。不僅具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，傳動(dòng)比大，傳動(dòng)效率高，承載和過(guò)載能力強(qiáng)，制造成本低，振動(dòng)、噪聲小等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，同時(shí)明顯改善了曲軸與軸承的受力狀況，延長(zhǎng)了使用壽命，特別適合大負(fù)載的工況。論文從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分析與探討：①對(duì)該減速機(jī)進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)；②本文基于Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire建立多曲柄低振動(dòng)少齒差減速機(jī)的三維模型，并對(duì)其進(jìn)行虛擬裝配；③基于有限元分析軟件ANSYS，利用有限元分析法對(duì)少齒差減速機(jī)進(jìn)行齒面接觸分析。


關(guān)鍵詞：多曲柄低振動(dòng)少齒差減速器，建模，虛擬裝配，有限元分析

ABSTRACT

Ring reducer is developed very quickly in recent year due to its simple and compact structure, high driving ratio, large loading capacity and high driving efficiency. But some problems, including great noise, high temperature and the early-worn of bearings occurring under the condition of high-speed operation, heavy loading and high transmission ratio, influenced seriously its popularization progress and are urgent to be solved.
In order to solve the high vibration and noise problems of ring reducer under the condition of high–seed and heavy-load operation, a new reducer with multi-crank and low exciting force and small tooth differences is suggested is this article, which is based on study of driving principle of current ring reducer.
A reducer with multi-crank and low exciting force and small tooth differences is a new-type reducer; It was researched and patented applications by Prof.Qian Tang is from Chongqing University. The reducer not only used for its advantages such as simple, high-transmission ratio, high-transmission efficiency, large loading capacity, low manufacture cost and low noise. also improved the situation of crankshaft and bearings in force, and prolong the service life, especially for a large load conditions. This article studies in the following aspects: ① About the structural design of Reducer; ② We establish the three-dimensional structure of the reducer model with the software Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire in the paper; ③ Based on the finite element analysis software ANSYS, We can make the analysis for tooth contact.


Key words: Ring reduce, Modeling, Virtual assemble, Finite element analysis

目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1少齒差行星傳動(dòng)技術(shù) 1
1.2國(guó)內(nèi)外減速器的研究現(xiàn)狀分析 4
1.2.1減速器的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r 4
1.2.2國(guó)內(nèi)外新型減速器的研究 5
1.3本文的研究目的 6
1.4本文所做的主要工作 7
2多曲柄低振動(dòng)少齒差減速機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 8
2.1要求 8
2.2分配傳動(dòng)裝置的傳動(dòng)比 8
2.3傳動(dòng)裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)及運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù)計(jì)算 8
2.4第一級(jí)定軸齒輪傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì) 8
2.4.1選擇材料 8
2.4.2按齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度初步設(shè)計(jì) 9
2.4.3驗(yàn)算齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度 10
2.4.4驗(yàn)算齒根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度 11
2.4.5確定齒輪的主要參數(shù)及幾何尺寸 12
2.5第二級(jí)少齒差傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì) 13
2.5.1少齒差內(nèi)嚙合傳動(dòng)的干涉現(xiàn)象和參數(shù)限制條件 13
2.5.2少齒差行星傳動(dòng)基本參數(shù)選擇 13
2.5.3基本參數(shù)確定及驗(yàn)算 14
2.6本章小結(jié) 19
3軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 20
3.1輸入軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 20
3.1.1軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 20
3.2偏心軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 24
3.2.1軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 24
3.3本章小結(jié) 30
4新型多曲柄低振動(dòng)少齒差減速機(jī)的三維實(shí)體模型 31
4.1 Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire軟件簡(jiǎn)介 31
4.2 Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire工程軟件的特點(diǎn) 33
4.3齒輪減速機(jī)的集合造型和裝配模型 33
4.4本章小結(jié) 44
5少齒差內(nèi)嚙合齒輪接觸分析 45
5.1 ANSYS軟件簡(jiǎn)介 45
5.1.1 ANSYS軟件功能簡(jiǎn)介 45
5.1.2 前處理模塊PREP7 45
5.1.3求解模塊SOLUTION 46
5.1.4后處理模塊POST1和POST26 48
5.2 ANSYS軟件分析少齒差內(nèi)嚙合齒輪接觸應(yīng)力 48
5.2.1建立齒輪對(duì)的有限元模型 48
5.2.2定義單元、常數(shù)和網(wǎng)格劃分 48
5.2.3利用接觸向?qū)山佑| 51
5.2.4約束、加載和求解 52
5.2.5后處理 54
5.3本章小結(jié) 56
6 結(jié)論 57
參考文獻(xiàn) 58
致謝 59