摘要
由于隧道式洗衣機(jī)具有洗滌單機(jī)無法比擬的優(yōu)勢，已經(jīng)在洗滌工業(yè)中得到廣泛運(yùn)用，但遺憾的是中國尚未實(shí)現(xiàn)隧道式洗衣機(jī)的國產(chǎn)化，市場上的隧道式洗衣機(jī)全部從國外進(jìn)口。面臨嚴(yán)峻的市場競爭壓力，如何在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)以最低成本制造出隧道式洗衣機(jī)，是贏得市場的關(guān)鍵。在當(dāng)今全球CAD/CAE技術(shù)的蓬勃發(fā)展形式下，本課題正是采用CAD/CAE技術(shù)，完成隧道式洗衣機(jī)關(guān)鍵部件的設(shè)計(jì)分析和拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化，提前實(shí)現(xiàn)隧道式洗衣機(jī)的國產(chǎn)化。
本文首先根據(jù)阿基米德螺旋傳動原理，設(shè)計(jì)了新型的基于偏心阿基米德螺旋面?zhèn)鲃拥乃淼朗较匆聶C(jī)內(nèi)滾筒。然后按照結(jié)構(gòu)靜力學(xué)分析流程，借助HyperMesh有限元軟件對內(nèi)滾筒進(jìn)行靜力學(xué)分析，計(jì)算其在靜態(tài)載荷條件下的應(yīng)力和變形。為研究洗滌時(shí)水對內(nèi)滾筒的沖擊，使用ABAQUS軟件建立基于CEL方法的流固耦合計(jì)算模型。通過流固耦合分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)內(nèi)滾筒單元上的結(jié)點(diǎn)應(yīng)力有波動，但都遠(yuǎn)低于材料的許用應(yīng)力，結(jié)點(diǎn)應(yīng)力的波動說明內(nèi)滾筒在洗滌時(shí)，會有輕微的振動。
在內(nèi)滾筒靜力學(xué)分析的基礎(chǔ)上，為了找到對內(nèi)滾筒剛度和強(qiáng)度影響最大的因素，選取了包括：螺旋板厚、偏心距，小基圓半徑，滾筒壁厚和洗滌筋厚等5個(gè)因素4個(gè)水平。采用正交試驗(yàn)的方法，通過方差分析，確定了螺旋板厚和滾筒壁厚是影響內(nèi)滾筒剛度和強(qiáng)度最大的2個(gè)因素。為內(nèi)滾筒的設(shè)計(jì)提供了理論依據(jù)。
為了改變傳統(tǒng)零件設(shè)計(jì)模式，將拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化理論引入內(nèi)滾筒支架的設(shè)計(jì)中，借助Hyperworks軟件中的Optistruct模塊，對支架的初始設(shè)計(jì)空間進(jìn)行拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化分析。由于拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化的結(jié)構(gòu)并不具有可生產(chǎn)性，本文結(jié)合拓?fù)湓O(shè)計(jì)的支架結(jié)構(gòu)毛坯和實(shí)際加工工藝要求，設(shè)計(jì)出全新的內(nèi)滾筒支架，與原支架對比，在工程許可范圍以內(nèi)，重量降低了39.27%，因此對支架實(shí)際設(shè)計(jì)是有參考意義的。

關(guān)鍵詞：隧道式洗衣機(jī)； 流固耦合； 正交試驗(yàn)； 拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化；






Abstract
The tunnel washer has been used widely in washing industry, for it has incomparable advantage over single washer. Unfortunately, the tunnel washers in Chinese market are all imported from abroad. Facing severe market competition, how to produce the tunnel washer is the key that can win the market in the possible shortest time using lowest cost. In the global CAD/CAE technology booming development, we complete design analysis and topological optimization of the key part of tunnel washer adopting CAD/CAE technology, which can make it localization.
Firstly，according the Archimides spiral transmission principle, design the new tunnel washer based on eccentric Archimedes spiral face transmission. Secondly, according the structure of static anslysis process, use finite element software HyperMesh to calculate the statics stress and deformation of the internal drum. In order to research the catharsis of internal drum by water, use ABAQUS software founding fluid-structure coupling based on CEL method. Through the fluid-structure compling analysis, found the stress fluctuation of the nodes of drum unit, but the stress is far below the allowable stress of materials. And the fluctuation of the nodes stress explains that there is a slight vibration in the washer drum.
Based on the roller statics analysis, we selects spiral palate thickness, eccentricity, small base circle radius, roller drum wall thickness, washer reinforcement thickness as factors in order to finding the biggest influence factor about the stiffness and strength of internal drum. Using the orthogonal experiment method, we determine the spiral plate thickness and roller drum wall thickness are biggest two factors in the stiffness and strength of internal drum through variance analysis, which can provide theory basis for internal drum design.
In order to change traditional design model of parts, the topological optimization theory was applied in the design of the internal drum bractket. With the help of the Hyperworks software Optistruct module, analysis the initial design space of internal drum bractket using topology optimization. Due to the topology optimization of structure doesn’t have the productive, combining with the blank structure of topological design and actual processing process requirement, design a brand new bracket. Comparing the original design bracket, the bending rigidity has slightly lower, and weight reduced 39.27%, so there is significant reference for actual bracket design.
Keywords: Tunnel washer; Fluid-structure; orthogonal design; topology optimization;
目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
第1章 概述 1
1.1選題的來源、背景和意義 1
1.2隧道式洗衣機(jī)國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3課題所用方法的研究概況 3
1.3.1流固耦合的國內(nèi)外研究概況 3
1.3.2拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化國內(nèi)外研究概況 5
1.4本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容 6
1.5本章小結(jié) 7
第2章 隧道式洗衣機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 8
2.1隧道洗衣機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 8
2.1.1Solidworks 3D CAD設(shè)計(jì)軟件介紹 8
2.1.2隧道式洗衣機(jī)內(nèi)滾筒結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 9
2.1.3隧道式洗衣機(jī)支撐系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 12
2.2隧道式洗衣機(jī)工作原理 12
2.3本章小結(jié) 14
第3章 內(nèi)滾筒靜力與流固耦合分析 15
3.1靜力分析的基本概念及流程 15
3.2內(nèi)滾筒整體結(jié)構(gòu)靜力分析 16
3.2.1建模準(zhǔn)備 16
3.2.2前后處理軟件HyperMesh 17
3.2.3單元的選擇和網(wǎng)格的劃分 17
3.2.4載荷與約束的施加 19
3.2.5內(nèi)滾筒靜力有限元分析結(jié)果 20
3.3流固耦合的有限元數(shù)值分析相關(guān)理論 23
3.3.1結(jié)構(gòu)動力方程和非線性有限元控制方程 23
3.3.2流體方程的有限元數(shù)值解法 23..